Biotechnology and its Applications NCERT

Question 1 of 50

1. Question

1 point(s)

The critical research areas of biotechnology include all the following except :

Providing the best catalyst in the form of improved organism usually a microbe or pure enzyme.
Creating optimal conditions through engineering for a catalyst to act.
Downstream processing technologies to purify the protein/organic compound
Development of new genetically modified microbes that can be used as bio-weapons.

Question 2 of 50

2. Question

1 point(s)

Increased yield of crop during the green revolution was due to :
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline \text { I. } & \text { Use of improved crop varieties } \\
\hline \text { II. } & \text { Use of better management practices } \\
\hline \text { III. } & \text { Use of agrochemicals [fertilisers and pesticides] } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Only I
Only I and III
Only I and II
I, II and III

Question 3 of 50

3. Question

1 point(s)

Consider the two statements :
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline \text { Statement I: } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Use of genetically modified crops is an } \\
\text { important option for increasing food } \\
\text { production in the future. }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { Statement II: } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Agrochemicals are too expensive for } \\
\text { farmers in the developing world. }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct

Question 4 of 50

4. Question

1 point(s)

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline \text { Assertion (A): } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Conventional breeding is not the answer } \\
\text { if we want to increase yield in the } \\
\text { existing crop varieties. }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { Reason (R): } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { The existing crop varieties have evolved } \\
\text { into new species and traditional } \\
\text { hybridisation is not possible now. }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

Both (A) and (R) are false
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (R)
(A) is true but (R) is false
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)

Question 5 of 50

5. Question

1 point(s)

All the following are possible today with the use of GM crops except :

More tolerance to abiotic stresses
Alternative resources to industries
Increased efficiency of mineral usage by plants
Fixation of atmospheric nitrogen

Question 6 of 50

6. Question

1 point(s)

Consider the two statements:
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|}
\hline \text { Statement I: } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Bt toxin is more environmentally friendly } \\
\text { than synthetic pesticides. }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { Statement II: } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Expression of Bt toxin gene in plants } \\
\text { provide resistance of certain insects. }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II explains Statement I
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct but Statement II does not explain Statement I
Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct

Question 7 of 50

7. Question

1 point(s)

GM crops have been modified with various traits. Golden rice has been developed by the International Rice Research Institute for:

Improved shelf life
Disease resistance
Herbicide resistance
Improved nutritional value

Question 8 of 50

8. Question

1 point(s)

Consider the two statements :
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline \text { I: } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Use of genetically modified crops can be a possible } \\
\text { solution for minimizing the use of chemicals and } \\
\text { fertilizers that are detrimental for the environment. }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { II: } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Genetically modified crops do not require any } \\
\text { fertilizers. }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Both I and II are correct and II explains I
Both I and II are correct but II does not explain I
I is correct but II is incorrect
Both I and II are incorrect.

Question 9 of 50

9. Question

1 point(s)

Bt cotton is not :

A GM plant
Insect resistant
A bacterial gene expressing system
Resistant to all pesticides

Question 10 of 50

10. Question

1 point(s)

A protoxin is :

A primitive toxin
A denatured toxin
Toxin produced by protozoa
Inactive toxin

Question 11 of 50

11. Question

1 point(s)

The trigger for activation of toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis is :

Acidic pH of stomach
High temperature
Alkaline pH of gut
Mechanical action in the insect gut

Question 12 of 50

12. Question

1 point(s)

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains have been used to design novel :

Biofertilizers
Bio metallurgic techniques
Biomineralization
Bio insecticidal plants

Question 13 of 50

13. Question

1 point(s)

Why does the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis not affected by the toxins produced by it that can kill arthropods ?

The toxin inactivated by proteins in the bacterial cells.
The bacterial cell does not have organelles and thus it is harmless.
It is produced as a pro-toxin by the bacterium.
The protein needs post-transcriptional modification possible only in eukaryotic cells.

Question 14 of 50

14. Question

1 point(s)

Consider the two statements :
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline \text { I: } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Any Bt toxin gene isolated from Bacillus } \\
\text { thuringiensis can be used to create GM crops resistant } \\
\text { to all insects. }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { II: } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Bt toxins do not have specificity for any insect } \\
\text { groups. }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II explains Statement I
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct but Statement II does not explain Statement I
Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect

Question 15 of 50

15. Question

1 point(s)

A transgenic tobacco plant was created to make it resistant to :

a nematode, Meloidegyne incognitia
a nematode, Coenorhabditis elegans
a trematode, Clonorchis sinensis
a cestode, Taenia sloium

Question 16 of 50

16. Question

1 point(s)

Identify the incorrect statement regarding use of RNAi for creating transgenic tobacco plants resistant to Meloidogyne incognita:

Agrobacterium tumefaciens was used to transform the plant cells
Double-stranded RNA was introduced into the plant cells
Double-stranded RNA was formed in the plant cells that initiated RNAi
A specific mRNA of the nematode was silenced with the help of ds RNA

Question 17 of 50

17. Question

1 point(s)

RNA interference involves silencing a specific mRNA by :

interfering with its post transcriptional modification
not allowing the transport of mRNA from nucleus to cytoplasm
a dsRNA that binds to it and prevents its translation
post translational degradation of the protein

Question 18 of 50

18. Question

1 point(s)

The source of complementary RNA for RNAi in a eukaryotic cell could be:
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline \text { I: } & \text { An infection by viruses having RNA genomes } \\
\hline \text { II: } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Mobile genetic elements that replicate via an RNA } \\
\text { intermediate }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { III. } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Integration of phage DNA into the main } \\
\text { chromosomal DNA of a eukaryotic cell }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Only I and II
Only I and III
Only II and III
I, II and III

Question 19 of 50

19. Question

1 point(s)

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline \text { Assertion (A): } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { In most cases, recombinant therapeutics } \\
\text { are safer than similar products isolated } \\
\text { from non-human sources. }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { Reason (R): } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Recombinant therapeutics do not induce } \\
\text { unwanted immunological responses. }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) correctly explains (A)
(A) is true but (R) is false
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A)
Both (A) and (R) are false

Question 20 of 50

20. Question

1 point(s)

The main challenge for production of insulin using rDNA techniques was :

A part of mature insulin molecule
Responsible for formation of disulphide bridges
Removed during maturation of pro-insulin to insulin
Responsible for its biological activity

Question 21 of 50

21. Question

1 point(s)

The main challenge for production of insulin using rDNA techniques was:

to find a suitable host cell that can perform RNA splicing
isolation of a copy of gene from the human DNA
getting insulin assembled into a mature form
downstream processing

Question 22 of 50

22. Question

1 point(s)

How many of the given statements regarding insulin are correct ?
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline
\text{I:} & \text{All diabetics require insulin from the very beginning.} \\
\hline
\text{II:} & \text{Insulin can be given orally to diabetics.} \\
\hline
\text{III.} & \text{Insulin extracted from pancreas of slaughtered cattle and pigs caused some patients to develop allergy.} \\
\hline
\text{IV.} & \text{Recombinant insulin was first prepared by Indian pharmaceutical giant Ranbaxy.} \\
\hline
\text{V.} & \text{The two polypeptide chains in the final structure of insulin are joined by disulfide bonds.} \\
\hline
\text{VI.} & \text{DNA sequences corresponding to A and B chains of human insulin were introduced in plasmids of E. coli to produce insulin chains for preparing recombinant insulin.} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

2
3
4
5

Question 23 of 50

23. Question

1 point(s)

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline \text { Assertion (A): } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Deficiency of the enzyme adenosine } \\
\text { deaminase causes severe combined } \\
\text { immunodeficiency. }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { Reason (R): } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { This disorder is caused due to the } \\
\text { deletion of the gene for adenosine } \\
\text { deaminase. }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A)
(A) is true but (R) is false
Both (A) and (R) are false.
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)

Question 24 of 50

24. Question

1 point(s)

Identify the correct statements :
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline \text { I: } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { ADA deficiency is caused due to the deletion of the } \\
\text { gene for adenosine deaminase. }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { II: } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Bone marrow transplant and enzyme replacement } \\
\text { therapy are completely curative. }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { III. } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Lymphocytes transformed with cADA gene are } \\
\text { permanent cure for the condition. }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Only I and II
Only I
Only II and III
I, II and III

Question 25 of 50

25. Question

1 point(s)

The first clinical gene therapy trial was given in 1990 to a 4 year girl with :

Alpha -1 antitrypsin deficiency
Cystic fibrosis
Adenosine deaminase deficiency
Chronic myeloid leukemia

Question 26 of 50

26. Question

1 point(s)

The viruses generally used for gene therapy are :

ds DNA virus
ss DNA virus
Reovirus
Retrovirus

Question 27 of 50

27. Question

1 point(s)

Consider the given statements regarding polymerase chain reaction [P C R] used in molecular diagnosis:
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline \text { I: } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { PCR is not used routinely to detect HIV in suspected } \\
\text { AIDS patients. }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { II: } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { PCR is being used to detect mutations in genes in } \\
\text { suspected cancer patients. }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { III. } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { PCR can detect infections only when symptoms are } \\
\text { present. }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Statement I is correct, Statement II is incorrect, Statement III is correct
Statement I is incorrect, Statement II is correct, Statement III is correct
Statement I is correct, Statement II is correct, Statement III is incorrect
Statement I is incorrect, Statement II is incorrect, Statement III is correct

Question 28 of 50

28. Question

1 point(s)

Transgenic animals are the animals that :

have had their DNA manipulated to possess and express an extra [foreign] gene.
are genetically modified with the use of foreign genes from a sexually compatible donor organism.
are produced by interspecific hybridisation.
are produced by inbreeding.

Question 29 of 50

29. Question

1 point(s)

Consider the given statements regarding the use of transgenic animals:
I: Transgenic animals can be specifically designed to allow study of how genes are regulated, and how they affect the normal functions of the body and its development.
II: Transgenic animals cannot be used to serve as models for humans diseases so that investigation of new treatments for diseases is made possible.
III: Transgenic animals can be specifically designed to allow study of complex factors involved in growth such as insulin like growth factor.

Statement I is correct, Statement II is incorrect, Statement III is correct
Statement I is incorrect, Statement II is correct, Statement III is correct
Statement I is correct, Statement II is correct, Statement III is incorrect
Statement I is incorrect, Statement II is incorrect, Statement III is correct

Question 30 of 50

30. Question

1 point(s)

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline \text { Assertion (A): } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Transgenic mice are being used to test } \\
\text { the safety of polio vaccine. }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { Reason (R): } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Monkeys are not reliable to test the } \\
\text { safety of polio vaccine. }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

Both (A) and (R) are false.
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A).
(A) is true but (R) is false.
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A).

Question 31 of 50

31. Question

1 point(s)

Over \( 95 \% \) of all transgenic animals are:

Mice
Pigs
Sheep
Rabbits

Question 32 of 50

32. Question

1 point(s)

Transgenic animals used to test the safety of polio vaccine are :

Mice
Monkeys
Rabbits
Pigs

Question 33 of 50

33. Question

1 point(s)

The transgenic cow, Rosie, produced milk that :

Contained human beta lactalbumin
contained interferons to treat viral infections
contained Alpha – 1 antitrypsin
Is protein enriched

Question 34 of 50

34. Question

1 point(s)

Consider the two statements:
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline \text { I: } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Transgenic animals are being used for testing toxicity } \\
\text { of drugs. }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { II: } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Transgenic animals are made that carry genes which } \\
\text { make them more sensitive to toxic substances than } \\
\text { non-transgenic animals. }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct

Question 35 of 50

35. Question

1 point(s)

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline \text { Assertion (A): } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { The manipulation of living organisms by } \\
\text { the human race cannot go on any further, } \\
\text { without regulation. }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { Reason (R): } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Genetic modification of organisms can } \\
\text { have unpredictable results when such } \\
\text { organisms are introduced into the } \\
\text { ecosystem. }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A).
(A) is true but (R) is false.
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A)
Both (A) and (R) are false

Question 36 of 50

36. Question

1 point(s)

Identify the incorrect statement :

There are 27 documented varieties of Basmati grown in India.
In 1997, an American company got patent rights on Basmati rice by biopiracy.
Indian Basmati was crossed with semi-dwarf varieties and claimed as aan invention or a novelty.
There are an estimated 200 varieties of rice in India alone.

Question 37 of 50

37. Question

1 point(s)

Consider the two statements:
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline \text { I: } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Most of the developing and underdeveloped world is } \\
\text { rich financially, but poor in biodiversity and } \\
\text { traditional knowledge. }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { II: } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Most of the industrialised nations are rich in } \\
\text { biodiversity and traditional knowledge related to bio- } \\
\text { resources but poor in biotechnology. }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Statement I is correct.
Statement II is correct.
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.

Question 38 of 50

38. Question

1 point(s)

The correct matching pair is/are :

Lepidopterans– Tobacco budworm
Dipterans – Armyworm
Coleopterans – Beetles
Both (1) and (3)

Question 39 of 50

39. Question

1 point(s)

Crystals of Bt toxin produced by bacterium do not kill bacteria themselves because :

Bacteria produces anti-toxin
Toxin is immature and works in acidic medium only
Toxin is inactive
Toxin is capsulated by protein

Question 40 of 50

40. Question

1 point(s)

Indian Government has set up an organisation to make decisions regarding validity of GMO. This organisation is :

GEAC
Indian Patent Bil
Indian Institute of Genetic Engineering
Geneticaly modified organism approval committee

Question 41 of 50

41. Question

1 point(s)

Molecular diagnosis includes :

Recombinant DNA technology
PCR
ELISA
All of these

Question 42 of 50

42. Question

1 point(s)

An American company got patent on basmati rice. The new variety of basmati rice was created by crossing

Indian Basmati with Dwarf variety
Indian Basmati with semi-dwarf variety
Dwarf variety with semi-dwarf variety of Basmati
None of the above

Question 43 of 50

43. Question

1 point(s)

Read the following statements :-
A. Insulin used for diabetes was earlier extracted from blood of slaughtered cattle and pigs.
B. In humulin, two disulphide bonds are intrachain whereas one disulphide bond is interchain
C. An American company Eli Lilly prepared A – chain and B – chain genes separately in 1986
How many of the above statements are correct ?

0
1
2
3

Question 44 of 50

44. Question

1 point(s)

Match the following :
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|}
\hline
\text{Column A} & \text{Column B} \\
\hline
(i) \text{ Emphysema} & (a) \text{Antibodies} \\
(ii) \text{ Rosie} & (b) \alpha\text{-1-antitrypsin} \\
(iii) \text{ ELISA} & (c) \text{Golden Rice} \\
(iv) \text{ Provitamin A} & (d) \text{Human } \alpha\text{-lactalbumin} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

\(
\mathrm{i}-\mathrm{b}, \mathrm{ii}-\mathrm{d}, \mathrm{iii}-\mathrm{a}, \mathrm{iv}-\mathrm{c}
\)
\( \mathrm{i}-\mathrm{a}, \mathrm{ii}-\mathrm{c}, \mathrm{iii}-\mathrm{b}, \mathrm{iv}-\mathrm{d} \)
\( \mathrm{i}-\mathrm{b}, \mathrm{ii}-\mathrm{c}, \mathrm{iii}-\mathrm{d}, \mathrm{iv}-\mathrm{a} \)
\( \mathrm{i}-\mathrm{b}, \mathrm{ii}-\mathrm{c}, \mathrm{iii}-\mathrm{a}, \mathrm{iv}-\mathrm{d} \)

Question 45 of 50

45. Question

1 point(s)

Use of bio-resources by multinational companies without proper authorisation is :

Bioethics
Biopiracy
Biopharmaceuticals
Biopatent

Question 46 of 50

46. Question

1 point(s)

The total number of documented varieties of Basmati rice grain in India are :

72
37
27
32

Question 47 of 50

47. Question

1 point(s)

Choose the correct option regarding Retrovirus :

An RNA virus that synthesises DNA during infection
A DNA virus that synthesises RNA during infection
A ssDNA virus
A dsRNA virus

Question 48 of 50

48. Question

1 point(s)

“Flavr Savr” is the name of the first genetically modified:

food approved for human use
salmon fish
herbicide-resistant plant
bacterium capable of remediation in oil spills

Question 49 of 50

49. Question

1 point(s)

At present, genetic modification has been able to bring about all the following in crops except :

Tolerance to abiotic stresses
Enhanced nutritional value
Capability to fix atmospheric nitrogen
Reduced reliance on chemical pesticides

Question 50 of 50

50. Question

1 point(s)

GEAC stands for :

Genome Engineering Action Committee
Ground Environment Action Committee
Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
Genetic and Environment Approval Committee

NEET BIOLOGY TEST SERIES

Biotechnology and its Applications NCERT

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