Plant Kingdom NCERT

Examine the figure given below and select the right option giving all the four parts (a, b, c and d) correctly identified ?

\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline
& \text{A} & \text{B} & \text{C} & \text{D} \\
\hline
1. & \text{Antheridiophore} & \text{Male thallus} & \text{Globule} & \text{Roots} \\
\hline
2. & \text{Archegoniophore} & \text{Female thallus} & \text{Gemma cup} & \text{Rhizoids} \\
\hline
3. & \text{Archegoniophore} & \text{Female thallus} & \text{Bud} & \text{Foot} \\
\hline
4. & \text{Seta} & \text{Sporophyte} & \text{Protonema} & \text{Rhizoids} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Read the following statements and select the correct ones :
a. Equisetum bears strobilus
b. Pinus bears male & female sex organs on separate plant bodies
c. Volvox is a colonial alga
d. Spirogyra shows isogamy

Read the following statements and mark the correct option.
A. Phylogenetic classification systems assume that organisms belonging to the same taxa have different ancestors.
B. Numerical taxonomy is based on all observable characteristics.
C. Cytotaxonomy uses the chemical constituents of the plants to resolve confusions.

Examine the figures A, B, C and D. In which one of the four options all the items, A, B, C and D are correct ?

Options:

\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { A } & \text { B } & \text { C } & \text { D } \\
\hline \text { 1. } & \text { Equisetum } & \text { Ginkgo } & \text { Selaginella } & \text { Lycopodium } \\
\hline \text { 2. } & \text { Selaginella } & \text { Equisetum } & \text { Salvinia } & \text { Ginkgo } \\
\hline \text { 3. } & \text { Funaria } & \text { Adiantum } & \text { Salvinia } & \text { Riccia } \\
\hline \text { 4. } & \text { Chara } & \text { Marchantia } & \text { Fucus } & \text { Pinus } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Which of the following is incorrectly matched ?

Observe the following characteristics:
(a) Dependent male and female gametophyte.
(b) Ovules are borne on megasporophyll.
(c) Presence of nucellus in ovule.
(d) Presence of seed
Select the correct option representing the features that are true for Cycas.

Match List-I with List-II

\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline
\textbf{List-I} \quad\quad\quad & \textbf{List-II} \\
\hline
\text{a. Cuscuta} \quad\quad\quad & \text{(i) Liverwort} \\
\text{b. Ectocarpus} \quad\quad\quad & \text{(ii) Angiosperm} \\
\text{c. Marchantia} \quad\quad\quad & \text{(iii) Alga} \\
\text{d. Funaria} \quad\quad\quad & \text{(iv) Moss} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:-

Read the following statements and select the correct option:
Statement A: Phylogenetic classification systems are based on evolutionary relationships between the various organisms
Statement B: Natural classification system was given by Bentham and Hooker

Members of liverworts:-
(a) Never have leaf like appendages
(b) Have free living sporophyte
(c) Have stomata and food conducting elements
(d) Have sporophyte differentiated into foot, seta and capsule
The correct one(s) is/are:

Mark correct w.r.t pteridophytes .

The given diagram shows:

Read the following statements and select the correct options
Assertion (A): Sphagnum, is used as a packing material for the trans-shipment of living material.
Reason (R): Dry Sphagnum has high water holding capacity.

In numerical taxonomy:
I. Computers are used and all the observable characters are taken into consideration.
II. Hundreds of characters can be considered together and each character is given equal importance.

Match each item in Column I with one in Column II and select the correct match as your answer from the coders given:

\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \begin{array}{l}
\text { COLUMN I } \\
\text { [Classification } \\
\text { method] }
\end{array} & & \begin{array}{l}
\text { COLUMN II } \\
\text { [Feature used] }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Artificial } & \text { P. } & \text { Evolutionary relationships } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Phylogenetic } & \text { Q. } & \text { Gross morphological characters } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Chemotaxonomy } & \text { R. } & \text { Chemical constituents of plants } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Cytotaxonomy } & \text { S. } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Chromosome number, structure } \\
\text { and behaviour }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Codes:

\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { A } & \text { B } & \text { C } & \text { D } \\
\hline 1 . & \text { P } & \text { Q } & \text { S } & \text { R } \\
\hline 2 . & \text { Q } & \text { P } & \text { R } & \text { S } \\
\hline 3 . & \text { R } & \text { S } & \text { P } & \text { Q } \\
\hline 4 . & \text { S } & \text { R } & \text { Q } & \text { P } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

The given diagram shows:

How many of the following statements is/are incorrect?
a. The leafy members of liverworts have tiny leaf like appendages in two row on the stem-like structures
b. The sporophyte in liverworts is more elaborate than that in mosses.
c. Ferns exhibit the presence of microphylls only
d. In Pinus, the pinnate leaves persist for a few years

Read the following statements and choose the option stating correct statements:

Which of the following statements is correct?

Examine the figures A, B, C, D. In which one of the four options all the items A, B, C and D are correct.

\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline
& \text{A} & \text{B} & \text{C} & \text{D} \\
\hline
1. & \text{Porphyra} & \text{Fucus} & \text{Dictyota} & \text{Polysiphonia} \\
\hline
2. & \text{Polysiphonia} & \text{Porphyra} & \text{Dictyota} & \text{Fucus} \\
\hline
3. & \text{Fucus} & \text{Dictyota} & \text{Porphyra} & \text{Polysiphonia} \\
\hline
4. & \text{Porphyra} & \text{Polysiphonia} & \text{Fucus} & \text{Dictyota} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Which among the following characteristics is/are common between the members of Chlorophyceae and Rhodophyceae ?
a. Type of stored food
b. Presence of cellulose in cell wall
c. Number of flagella in a motile cell
d. Presence of chlorophyll a

Select the incorrect statement about gymnosperms.

A heterosporous plant called Selaginella belongs to the class:

Select the true one(s) for prothallus.
a. Multicellular free living
b. Inconspicuous and small
c. Photosynthetic
d. Is diploid gametophyte

Consider the following statements regarding green algae:
I. Pigments are located in definite plastids
II. Most have pyrenoids in chloroplasts
III. Cell wall has an inner layer of pectose and outer layer of cellulose

Examine the figures (A-D) given below and select the right option out of (a) – (d), in which all the four items A, B, C and D are identified correctly ?

\(
\begin{array}{|l|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
& \text{A} & \text{B} & \text{C} & \text{D} \\
\hline
1. & \text{Gemma cup} & \text{Archegoniophore} & \text{Sporophyte} & \text{Sphagnum} \\
\hline
2. & \text{Archegoniophore} & \text{Gemma cup} & \text{Gametophyte} & \text{Sphagnum} \\
\hline
3. & \text{Archegonia} & \text{Antheridia} & \text{Gemma cup} & \text{Sphagnum} \\
\hline
4. & \text{Antheridia} & \text{Archegonia} & \text{Gemma cup} & \text{Sphagnum} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Regarding artificial system of classification of living organisms:
I: It is the most acceptable system for classification of living organisms.
II: The vegetative characters are more easily affected by environment.

The form and size of algae is highly variable. Which of the following will not be true?
I. Volvox is a colonial alga.
II. Ulothrix and Spirogyra do not form filaments.
III. Kelps form massive plants bodies.

Identify the incorrectly matched pair:

\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { Alga } & \text { Sexual reproduction } \\
\hline \text { I. } & \text { Ulothrix } & \text { Isogamous; non-flagellated gametes } \\
\hline \text { II. } & \text { Spirogyra } & \text { Isogamous; flagellated gametes } \\
\hline \text { III. } & \text { Udorina } & \text { Anisogamous } \\
\hline \text { IV. } & \text { Fucus } & \text { Oogamous } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Consider the given statements:
I: Algin is a hydrocolloid derived from brown algae.
II: Carrageen is a hydrocolloid derived from green algae.
III: Agar is a complex polysaccharide derived from red algae, Gelidium and Gracilaria.

Given picture is of a bryophyte. The correct ploidy levels of the indicated structures are :

Consider the two statements regarding Chlorella:
Statement I: It is single-celled green algae.
Statement II: It is used as a food supplement.

Which of the following feature given in column I is not correctly matched with its correct description given in Column II with respect to members of Chlorophyceae?

\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|}
\hline \text { } & \text { COLUMN I } & \text { COLUMN II } \\
\hline \text { 1. } & \text { Main photosynthetic pigment } & \text { Chlorophyll } \mathrm{a}, \mathrm{~b} \\
\hline \text { 2. } & \text { Cell wall } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Inner layer of cellulose and outer } \\
\text { layer of pectose }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { 3. } & \text { Stored food } & \text { Starch } \\
\hline \text { 4. } & \text { Flagellar number and insertion } & \text { 2-8. unequal. basal } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

Regarding the size and form of brown algae:
I. Ectocarpus is profusely branched and may reach a height of 100 meters.
II. Kelps are simple branched filamentous brown algae.

All the following statements will be true for brown algae except:

In brown algae:
I. Asexual reproduction is by biflagellate zoospores that are pear shaped and have two unequal and laterally attached flagella.
II. The gametes are pyriform [pear shaped] and bear two laterally attached flagella.

Sexual reproduction is oogamous and accompanied by complete post-fertilization developments in members of:

A plant shows thallus level of organization. It shows rhizoids and is haploid. It needs water to complete its life cycle because the male gametes are motile. Identify the group to which it belongs to.

What is not true regarding bryophytes?

The economic importance of bryophytes include:
I. A moss provides peat used as a packing material
II. They are early colonizers of land in ecological succession
III. They can decompose rocks
IV. They can prevent soil erosion

Consider the two statements:
Statement I: Bryophytes usually occur in damp, humid and shaded localities and are not truly ‘successful’ on land.
Statement II: They are dependent on water for sexual reproduction.

Regarding Marchantia:
I. The thallus is dorsi-ventral and closely appressed to the substrate.
II. The plant is monoecious.

The given diagram shows:

Consider the given statements regarding Mosses:
I. Protonema is a gametophyte stage that is creeping, green, branched and frequently filamentous.
II. Leafy stage bears sex organs and is attached to the soil through multicellular and branched rhizoids.
III. Sex organs are produced at the apex of the leafy shoot.
IV. They have an elaborate mechanism of spore dispersal.

Identify the incorrect statement:

Consider the given two statements:
Statement I: In Cycas, the pinnate leaves persist for a few years.
Statement II: In conifers, the needle-like leaves reduce the surface area helping to reduce water loss.