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The number of pairs of vertebrochondral ribs in humans are:
(a)
Glenoid cavity articulates
(d)
Accumulation of uric acid in joints will lead to:
(d)
The synovial joint that is:
(d)
Bones do not:
(d)
The largest foramen in the human skull is:
(a)
To form the largest ball and socket joint in the human body, the head of the femur articulates with:
(b)
The globular head of the myosin filament has active site/s for binding to:
I. ATP
II. Active site on actin filament
III. Calcium
(b)
1. ✅ An ATP-binding site
Myosin has an ATPase activity—it hydrolyzes ATP to provide energy for muscle contraction.
2. ✅ An actin-binding site
Myosin heads bind to the active sites on actin filaments to form cross-bridges during contraction
3.❌ No calcium-binding site
Calcium ions do not bind to myosin.
Instead, Ca²⁺ binds to troponin on the actin filament, which causes tropomyosin to move and expose the active sites on actin.
Name the ion responsible for the unmasking of active sites for myosin for cross-bridge activity during muscle contraction.
(a)
Skeletal muscles appear striated due to presence of two characteristic proteins in alternating dark and light bands. Which of the following is a correct match of the protein with its light refractive property and colour?
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { Protein } & \text { Colour } & \text { Property } \\
\hline \text { 1. } & \text { Myosin } & \text { Light } & \text { Anisotropic } \\
\hline \text { 2. } & \text { Actin } & \text { Dark } & \text { Anisotropic } \\
\hline \text { 3. } & \text { Myosin } & \text { Dark } & \text { Isotropic } \\
\hline \text { 4. } & \text { Actin } & \text { Light } & \text { Isotropic } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
Even when the blood supply is inadequate, the muscle is able to sustain contraction due to:
(c)
The critical event for the contraction of striated mluscles would be that calcium ions:
(c)
Assertion: Within the A-band of a sarcomere is a paler region called the H -zone.
Reason: H-zone is the zone of the thin myofilaments in the center of the A band.
(c)
“H-zone is the zone of the thin myofilaments in the center of the A band.”
❌ False
Tetany is caused by:
(a)
The neurotransmitter released by the motor neurons at the neuromuscular junction is:
(a)
The direct source of energy for muscle contraction is:
(a)
Identify the incorrect statement:
(a)
❌ Incorrect
A motor unit is defined as one motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates.
Each muscle fiber is innervated by only one motor neuron, not multiple.
Therefore, this statement is wrong in definition and is the incorrect statement.
ATPase activity is found in:
(a)
Skeletal muscles are:
(a)
The smallest, functional unit of contraction is the:
(b)
A motor neuron along with all the muscle fibers innervated by it constitute a:
(c)
The dark and light bands seen as striations in a skeletal muscle are located on:
(c)
The central part of the thick filaments not overlapped by the thin filaments is called as:
(c)
What protein is arranged along the length of actin filaments and is involved in regulation of skeletal muscle contraction?
(c)
Myosin myofilaments are
(d)
Identify the correct statement:
(b)
1.❌ Incorrect
That description refers to actin, not tropomyosin.
3. ❌ Incorrect
ATPase activity is present in the myosin head, not in troponin.
Also, troponin has 3 subunits: T, I, and C — no troponin A
4. ❌ Incorrect
During contraction, actin (thin) filaments slide inward over the myosin (thick) filaments — this is core to the sliding filament theory.
A muscle cell is called as a:
(b)
The Z line is present in:
(c)
The part of the sarcomere that is composed of only myosin myofilaments is:
(d)
All the following are parts of human axial skeleton except:
(d)
Study the events given below. Identify the set given in the choice that has the events in correct chronological order of their occurrence:
a. \( \mathrm{Ca}^{2+} \) combines with tropomyosin
b. \( \mathrm{Ca}^{2+} \) combines with troponin
c. tropomyosin pulls away from actin
d. troponin pulls away from actin
e. tropomyosin pulls away from myosin
f. troponin pulls away from myosin
g. myosin binds to actin
(d)
The thigh bone articulates with the coxal:
(a)
Which of the following is a paired cranial bone?
(b)
The total number of floating ribs in human skeleton is:
(b)
A flat bone present on the ventral midline of thorax is called as:
(c)
All the following are cranial bones except:
(d)
Zygomatic is facial bone
The ear ossicles include:
(b)
The first cervical vertebra in humans is known as the
(a)
The pectoral girdle is composed of
(c)
Almost all mammals have seven
(a)
There are 8 and 7 bones respectively in:
(b)
The collar bone is the:
(a)
Each coxal bone is formed by the fusion of three bones which include all the following except:
(a)
Lower Part of small interstine not a bone
The type of joint seen between the carpal bones is:
(c)
The joint between adjacent vertebrae in the vertebral column is a:
(b)
The type of joint that will allow least mobility amongst the following would be:
(a)
The joint between atlas and axis vertebra is classified as:
(b)
The joint between skull bones is classified as:
(b)
The fibrous joint between skull bones is called as:
Force generated by the muscles is used to carry out movement through joints, where the joint acts as a:
(a)
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