Practice Corner MCQs

Question 1 of 117

1. Question

The inorganic compounds like sulphate, phosphate, etc., are found in

acid-soluble pool
acid-insoluble fraction
both (a) and (b)
none of these

Question 2 of 117

2. Question

The sum total composition of acid-soluble and acid-insoluble fraction represents the entire composition of

dead cells
gene pool
cellular pool
gene library

Question 3 of 117

3. Question

Biomolecules are

inorganic materials only
organic materials only
all the carbon compounds obtained from living tissues
only DNA and RNA.

Question 4 of 117

4. Question

Which of the following options correctly identifies the structural formulae shown in figure?

A – Fructose, B – Ribose
A – Glucose B – Deoxyribose
A – Glucose, B – Ribose
A – Glucose B – Fructose

Question 5 of 117

5. Question

Identify the amino acids given below and select the correct option.

i – Glycine, ii Serine, iii Alanine
i – Alanine, ii Glycine, iii Serine
i – Alanine, ii Serine, iii Glycine
i – Serine, ii Alanine, iii Glycine

Question 6 of 117

6. Question

The 20 different amino acids have different

R-groups
carboxylic groups
peptide bonds
amino groups

Question 7 of 117

7. Question

Which of the following is the correct match?

\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|}
\hline {\begin{array}{c}
\text { Acidic } \\
\text { amino acid }
\end{array}} & {\begin{array}{c}
\text { Basic } \\
\text { amino acid }
\end{array}} & {\begin{array}{c}
\text { Neutral } \\
\text { amino acid }
\end{array}} \\
\hline \text {a. Glutamic acid } & \text { Lysine } & \text { Valine } \\
\hline \text {b. Lysine } & \text { Valine } & \text { Glutamic acid } \\
\hline \text {c. Glutamic acid } & \text { Valine } & \text { Lysine } \\
\hline \text {d. Lysine } & \text { Glutamic acid } & \text { Valine } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

a
b
c
d

Question 8 of 117

8. Question

Acidic amino acids have two \(-\mathrm{COOH}\) groups and one \(-\mathrm{NH}_2\) group per molecule. Select the pair that consists of acidic amino acids.

Aspartic acid, glutamic acid
Lysine, arginine
Glycine, alanine
Both (a) and (b)

Question 9 of 117

9. Question

An example of aromatic amino acid is

tyrosine
tryptophan
phenylalanine
all of these

Question 10 of 117

10. Question

Saturated fatty acids possess _____ bonds between carbon atoms and are ____ at room temperature.

single, solids
single, liquids bonds between at room temperature
double, solids
double, liquids

Question 11 of 117

11. Question

Which of the following is a saturated fatty acid?

Oleic acid
Arachidonic acid
Linoleic acid
Palmitic acid

Question 12 of 117

12. Question

Triglycerides are fatty acid esters of glycerol, which are formed by the esterification of ____ molecules of fatty acids with ____ molecule(s) of glycerol.

one, two
three, one
one, three
two, one

Question 13 of 117

13. Question

Which of the following is a triglyceride?

Wax
Oil
Phospholipid
Steroid

Question 14 of 117

14. Question

Given molecular formula belongs to which of the following groups of biomolecules?

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic acids
Triglycerides

Question 15 of 117

15. Question

Given structural formula is correctly identified along with its related function by which of the following options?

Cholesterol – A component of animal cell membrane
Lecithin – A component of cell membrane
Triglyceride – An energy source
Adenosine – A component of nucleic acids

Question 16 of 117

16. Question

Given structural formula is correctly identified along with its related function by which of the following options?

Cholesterol – A component of animal cell membrane
Lecithin – A component of cell membrane
Triglyceride – An energy source
Adenosine – A component of nucleic acids

Question 17 of 117

17. Question

Lecithin is a

sterol
glycolipid
phospholipid
sphingolipid

Question 18 of 117

18. Question

An unknown liquid collected from a sample of peas is added to a beaker of water and is vigorously shaken. After few minutes, water and the unknown liquid made two separate layers. To which class of biomolecules, does the unknown liquid most likely belongs?

Polysaccharides
Proteins
Lipids
Enzymes

Question 19 of 117

19. Question

The component present in both nucleotides and nucleosides is

sugar
phosphate
nitrogenous base
both (a) and (c)

Question 20 of 117

20. Question

Cytidine is a

nitrogenous base
nucleoside
nucleotide
nucleic acid

Question 21 of 117

21. Question

Refer to the given reactions.
(i) Adenine \(+X \rightarrow\) Adenosine
(ii) Adenosine \(+Y \rightarrow\) Adenylic acid
What does \(X\) and \(Y\) represent here?

X – Phosphate group, Y – Sugar molecule
X – Sugar molecule, Y – Phosphate group
X – Sugar molecule, Y – Nitrogenous base
X – Nitrogenous base, Y-Sugar molecule

Question 22 of 117

22. Question

Identify the given structural formulae and select the correct option.

A – Adenine, B – Uracil
A – Guanine B – Thymine
A-Adenine B – Guanine
A – Cytosine B – Thymine

Question 23 of 117

23. Question

The three structural formulae A, B and C are given here. Identify them and select the correct option.

A- Adenine(N-base), B-Adenosine (Nucleotide), C-Adenylic acid (Nucleoside)
A- Adenine(N-base), B-Adenosine (Nucleoside), C-Adenylic acid (Nucleotide)
A- Adenosine(Nucleoside), B-Adenylic acid (Nucleotide), C- Adenine(N-base)
A- Adenosine(Nucleoside), B-Adenylic acid (Nucleotide), C- Deoxyadenylic acid

Question 24 of 117

24. Question

Adenosine, guanosine, thymidine, uridine, cytidine are all ____ but adenylic acid, guanylic acid, uridylic acid, cytidylic acid are ____.

nucleotides, nucleosides
nucleosides, nucleotides
nucleotides, nucleic acids
nucleosides, nucleic acids

Question 25 of 117

25. Question

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.

\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|c|l|}
\hline & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Column I } \\
\text { (Category) }
\end{array} & & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Column II } \\
\text { (Secondary metabolites) }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Pigments } & \text { (i) } & \text { Concanavalin A } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Terpenoides } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Monoterpenes, diterpenes } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Alkaloids } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Morphine, codeine } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Lectins } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Carotenoids, anthocyanins } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(i)
A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(i)
A-(i), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(ii)
A-(i), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(iv)

Question 26 of 117

26. Question

Which of the following secondary metabolites are used as drugs?

Abrin and ricin
Vinblastin and curcumin
Anthocyanins
Gums and cellulose

Question 27 of 117

27. Question

Which of the following are alkaloids?

Cellulose
Codeine
Morphine
Both (b) and (c)

Question 28 of 117

28. Question

Select the incorrect match from the following.

Terpenoids – Monoterpenes
Lectins – Concanavalin A
Toxins – Anthocyanins
Drugs – Vinblastin

Question 29 of 117

29. Question

Study the given statements and select the correct option.
(i) Carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids and lipids are primary metabolites.
(ii) Alkaloids, flavonoids, rubber, etc., are secondary metabolites.
(iii) Linoleic, linolenic and palmitic acids are the three essential fatty acids.

Statements (i) and (ii) are correct
Statements (i) and (iii) are incorrect
Statements (i) and (iii) are correct
Only statement (ii) is incorrect

Question 30 of 117

30. Question

Which of the following is polymeric compound?

Lemon grass oil
Rubber
Cholesterol
Concanavalin A

Question 31 of 117

31. Question

The correct order of chemical composition of living tissues/cells in term of percentage of the total cellular mass is

nucleic acids \(>\) proteins \(>\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}>\) carbohydrates \(>\) ions \(>\) lipids
\(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}>\) proteins \(>\) nucleic acids \(>\) carbohydrates \(>\) lipids \(>\) ions
\(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}>\) proteins \(>\) carbohydrates \(>\) nucleic acids \(>\) lipids \(>\) ions
lipids \(>\) ions \(>\) carbohydrates \(>\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}>\) proteins \(>\) nucleic acids

Question 32 of 117

32. Question

Match the column I with column II and choose the correct combination from the given options.

\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|c|c|}
\hline & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Column I } \\
\text { (Component) }
\end{array} & & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Column II } \\
\text { (% of the total } \\
\text { cellular mass) }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { lons } & \text { (i) } & 1 \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Lipids } & \text { (ii) } & 2 \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Carbohydrates } & \text { (iii) } & 3 \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Nucleic acids } & \text { (iv) } & 5-7 \\
\hline \text { E. } & \text { Proteins } & \text { (v) } & 10-15 \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv), E-(v)
A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(i), D-(v), E-(iv)
A-(iii), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iv), E-(v)
A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(v), E-(i)

Question 33 of 117

33. Question

Which of the following organic compounds is/are acid insoluble fraction?
(i) Proteins
(ii) Nucleic acids
(iii) Polysaccharides
(iv) Lipids

(i), (ii) and (iii) only
(ii), (iii) and (iv) only
(i) and (iii) only
(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Question 34 of 117

34. Question

Which of the following organic compounds is acid insoluble fraction but molecular weights do not exceed 800 Da?

Protein
Polysaccharides
Nucleic acid
Lipids

Question 35 of 117

35. Question

Select the incorrect match regarding average composition of cells.

\(
\begin{array}{|l|c|}
\hline {\text { Component }} & \begin{array}{c}
\text { % of the total Cellular } \\
\text { mass }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { Water } & 70-90 \\
\hline \text { Lipids } & 2 \\
\hline \text { Nucleic acids } & 1 \\
\hline \text { Proteins } & 10-15 \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

a
b
c
d

Question 36 of 117

36. Question

Read the given statements and select the option that correctly sorts these with respect to \(A\) and \(B\) in the given flow chart.

(i) Molecular weight ranging from 18 to 800 daltons (Da) approximately
(ii) Proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides and lipids
(iii) Contain chemicals that have molecular weight more than 800 Da
(iv) Has monomers
(v) Generally has polymers

A-(i), (ii), (iii) B-(iv), (v)
A-(ii), (iv) B-(i), (iii), (v)
A-(i), (iv) B-(ii), (iii), (v)
A-(i), (iii), (v) B-(ii), (iv)

Question 37 of 117

37. Question

Take a living tissue, grind it in trichloroacetic acid using pestle and mortar, and then strain it, you would obtain two fractions: acid-soluble and acid-insoluble fraction. Acid-insoluble fraction does not contain

polysaccharides
nucleic acids
lipids
flavonoids and alkaloids

Question 38 of 117

38. Question

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.

\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|c|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { GLUT-4 } & \text { (i) } & \text { Intercellular ground substance } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Antibody } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Enzyme } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Collagen } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Hormone } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Trypsin } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Fights infectious agents } \\
\hline \text { E. } & \text { Insulin } & \text { (v) } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Enables glucose transport in } \\
\text { cells }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv), E-(v)
A-(v), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(ii), E-(iii)
A-(v), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(ii), E-(i)
A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(v), E-(iii)

Question 39 of 117

39. Question

_____ is the most abundant protein in animal world and ____ is the most abundant protein in the whole biosphere.

Collagen, RuBisCO
Collagen, keratin
Keratin, RuBisCO
Keratin, collagen

Question 40 of 117

40. Question

What will be the molecular formula of a polypeptide consisting of 10 glycine molecules when the formula of glycine is \(\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{O}_2 \mathrm{~N}\)?

\(\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{ON}_5\)
\(\mathrm{C}_{20} \mathrm{H}_{32} \mathrm{O}_{11} \mathrm{~N}_{10}\)
\(\mathrm{C}_{30} \mathrm{H}_{16} \mathrm{O}_6 \mathrm{~N}_{10}\)
\(\mathrm{C}_{25} \mathrm{H}_{16} \mathrm{O}_6 \mathrm{~N}_5\)

Question 41 of 117

41. Question

Which of the following is correct group of protein?

Collagen, Trypsin, Insulin, Antibody, Receptor, GLUT-4
Lecithin, Collagen, Antibody, Receptor, Trypsin, RuBisCO
Collagen, Trypsin, Insulin, Antibody, Receptor, Lecithin
Collagen, RuBisCO, GLUT-4, Insulin, Lecithin, Antibody

Question 42 of 117

42. Question

Which of the following is not a homopolymer?

Protein
Cellulose
Glycogen
Chitin

Question 43 of 117

43. Question

Essential amino acids include

leucine
valine
tryptophan
all of these

Question 44 of 117

44. Question

Which of the following statements about amino acids is incorrect?

Essential amino acids are not synthesised in the body, therefore have to be provided in the diet.
Leucine, isoleucine, lysine, valine are essential amino acids.
Cysteine and methionine are sulphur containing amino acids.
Lysine and arginine are acidic amino acids.

Question 45 of 117

45. Question

The polysaccharides made up of glucose monomers are

sucrose, lactose, maltose
chitin, glycogen, starch
starch, glycogen, cellulose
starch, inulin, peptidoglycan

Question 46 of 117

46. Question

Study the given statements and select the correct answer.
(i) Cellulose is a homopolymer of glucose.
(ii) Inulin is a homopolymer of fructose.
(iii) Starch gives blue colour with iodine solution.
(iv) Cellulose gives no colour with iodine solution.

Statements (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct.
Statements (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct.
Statements (ii) and (iii) are correct.
All statements are correct.

Question 47 of 117

47. Question

Read the given statements and select the correct option.
(i) Right end of a polysaccharide chain is called reducing end while left end is called non-reducing end.
(ii) Starch can hold iodine molecules in its helical secondary structure but cellulose being non-helical, cannot hold iodine.
(iii) Starch and glycogen are branched molecules.
(iv) Starch and glycogen are the reserve food materials of plants and animals, respectively.

Statements (i) and (ii) are correct.
Statements (ii) and (iii) are correct.
Only statement (iv) is correct.
All statements are correct.

Question 48 of 117

48. Question

Which of the following is a heteropolymer?

Cellulose
Starch
Peptidoglycan
Glycogen

Question 49 of 117

49. Question

Which of the following statements is not correct regarding chitin?

It is a storage polysaccharide.
It is a homopolysaccharide.
It is a constituent of arthropod exoskeleton and fungal cell wall.
It is the second most abundant carbohydrate on earth.

Question 50 of 117

50. Question

Read the given statements and select the correct ones.
(i) Fructose is the sweetest sugar.
(ii) Glycine is the simplest amino acid.
(iii) Lactose is a disaccharide composed of one molecule each of glucose and galactose.
(iv) Cellulose is an unbranched chain of glucose molecules linked by \(\beta-1\), 4-glycosidic bond.

(i) and (ii)
(iii) and (iv)
(i), (ii) and (iii)
(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Question 51 of 117

51. Question

Purines have nitrogen atoms at ____ positions.

\(1^{\prime}, 3^{\prime}, 7^{\prime}, 9^{\prime}\)
\(1^{\prime}, 5^{\prime}, 7^{\prime}, 9^{\prime}\)
\(1^{\prime}, 3^{\prime}\)
\(1^{\prime}, 9^{\prime}\)

Question 52 of 117

52. Question

Pyrimidines have nitrogen atoms at ____ positions.

\(1^{\prime}, 3^{\prime}, 7^{\prime}, 9^{\prime}\)
\(1^{\prime}, 5^{\prime}, 7^{\prime}, 9^{\prime}\)
\(1^{\prime}, 3^{\prime}\)
\(1^{\prime}, 9^{\prime}\)

Question 53 of 117

53. Question

Which of the following is an incorrect match?

Purines- Adenine, guanine
Pyrimidines – Cytosine, thymine
Structural polysaccharides – Inulin
Storage polysaccharides – Starch

Question 54 of 117

54. Question

The three chemically distinct components of a nucleotide are

heterocyclic compound, monosaccharide, phosphoric acid
homocyclic compound, disaccharides, phosphoric acid
heterocyclic compound, monosaccharides, sulphuric acid
heterocyclic compound, polypeptide, phosphoric acid.

Question 55 of 117

55. Question

Which of the following is correct group of pyrimidine?

Guanine and uracil
Adenine and cytosine
Uracil and cytosine
Guanine and thymine

Question 56 of 117

56. Question

\(
\text { Identify } X \text { and } Y \text { in the given sequence. }
\)

X-N-terminal amino acid, Y-C-terminal amino acid
X-N-terminal amino acid, Y-N-terminal amino acid
X-C-terminal amino acid, Y-N-terminal amino acid
X-C-terminal amino acid, Y-C-terminal amino acid

Question 57 of 117

57. Question

At some points a protein chain may be folded back on itself like a hollow woollen ball. This is called ___ structure and folds or coils are held together in place by ___.

\(2^{\circ}, \mathrm{H}\)-bonds
\(3^{\circ}, \mathrm{H}\)-bonds
\(2^{\circ}\), peptide bonds
\(1^{\circ}\), peptide bonds

Question 58 of 117

58. Question

An \(\)\alpha\(\)-helix is the example of which type of protein structure?

Primary
Tertiary
Secondary
Quaternary

Question 59 of 117

59. Question

A \(\beta\)-pleated sheet organisation in a polypeptide chain is an example of

\(1^{\circ}\) structure
\(3^{\circ}\) structure
\(2^{\circ}\) structure
\(4^{\circ}\) structure

Question 60 of 117

60. Question

Refer to the given figure.

Formation of structures A and B could be due to

\(
\begin{array}{|c|c|}
\hline \text { A } & \text { B } \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
\text { a. Formation of peptide } \\
\text { bonds }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Linking together of two } \\
\text { or more polypeptides }
\end{array} \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
\text { b. Formation of hydrogen } \\
\text { bonds }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Linking together of two } \\
\text { or more polypeptides }
\end{array} \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
\text { c. Formation of hydrogen } \\
\text { bonds }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Formation of hydrogen } \\
\text { bonds }
\end{array} \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
\text { d. Formation of peptide } \\
\text { bonds }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Formation of peptide } \\
\text { bonds }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

a
b
c
d

Question 61 of 117

61. Question

Recognise the figure and find out the correct matching.

A-Primary structure, B-Secondary structure
A-Secondary structure, B-Primary structure
A-Secondary structure, B-Tertiary structure
A-Tertiary structure, B-Quaternary structure

Question 62 of 117

62. Question

Adult human haemolgobin consists of

2 subunits \((\alpha, \alpha)\)
2 subunits \((\beta, \beta)\)
4 subunits \((2 \alpha, 2 \beta)\)
3 subunits \((2 \alpha, 1 \beta)\)

Question 63 of 117

63. Question

Read the given statements and select the correct option.

Statement 1: Haemoglobin is an example of quaternary structure of proteins.
Statement 2: Haemoglobin molecule is composed of four polypeptide chains-two \(\alpha\)-chains and two \(\beta\)-chains.

Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.
Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.
Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Question 64 of 117

64. Question

Keratin present in hair shows secondary structure known as

parallel \(\beta\)-sheet
antiparallel \(\beta\)-sheet
\(\alpha\)-helix
none of the above

Question 65 of 117

65. Question

Select the option that correctly identifies the chemical bonds present in the given biomolecules.
Polysaccharides – A, Proteins – B, Fats – C, Water – D

A – Ester,B – Peptide, C – Glycosidic, D – Hydrogen
A – Glycosidic, B – Peptide, C – Ester, D – Hydrogen
A – Glycosidic, B – Peptide, C – Hydrogen, D – Ester
A – Hydrogen, B – Ester, C – Peptide, D – Glycosidic

Question 66 of 117

66. Question

What does A represent in the given diagram of a nucleotide?

Glycosidic bond
Phosphate bond
Ester bond
Ionic bond

Question 67 of 117

67. Question

Which bonds are indicated by X and Y in the given diagram?

X – Glycosidic bond , Y – Hydrogen bond
X – Phosphodiester bond, Y – Hydrogen bond
X – Glycosidic bond, Y – Phosphodiester bond
X – Phosphodiester bond, Y – Glycosidic bond

Question 68 of 117

68. Question

Primary structure of proteins is due to the presence of

peptide bonds
disulphide (S-S) linkages
hydrogen bonds
ionic bonds

Question 69 of 117

69. Question

Which of the two groups of the given formula is involved in peptide bond formation between different amino acids?

2 and 3
1 and 3
1 and 4
2 and 4

Question 70 of 117

70. Question

B-DNA which is right-handed double helix contains ____ base pairs per turn of the helix and each turn is ____ long.

10, 3.4 Å
10, 34 Å
11, 20 Å
11, 34 Å

Question 71 of 117

71. Question

Read the given statement and select the option that correctly identifies X and Y.
In a glycogen molecule, successive glucose units are joined together by X and branches are linked together by Y.

\(\mathrm{X}-1,4 \text { – } \alpha \text {-glycosidic bonds }, \mathrm{Y}-1,4-\alpha \text {-glycosidic acids }\)
\( \mathrm{X}-1,4 \text { – } \alpha \text {-glycosidic bonds, Y-1, 6- } \alpha \text {-glycosidic bonds } \)
\( \mathrm{X}-1,6 \text { – } \alpha \text {-glycosidic acids }, \mathrm{Y}-1,4-\alpha \text {-glycosidic acids } \)
\( \mathrm{X}-1,6 \text { – } \alpha \text {-glycosidic acids, Y-1, 6- } \alpha \text {-glycosidic acids } \)

Question 72 of 117

72. Question

Read the following statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: All biomolecules have a turnover.
Statement 2: One type of biomolecule changes into some other type of biomolecule.

Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.
Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.
Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Question 73 of 117

73. Question

The proteins which hasten the rate of a given metabolic conversion are called

haemoglobin
metabolites
enzymes
none of these

Question 74 of 117

74. Question

Which of the following is an example of metabolic transformation?

Removal of \(\mathrm{CO}_2\) from amino group
Removal of amino group in a nucleotide base
Hydrolysis of glycosidic bond in a disaccharide
All of these

Question 75 of 117

75. Question

The catalysts which hasten the rate of a metabolic conversion are

lipid
polysaccharide
protein
fatty acid

Question 76 of 117

76. Question

Select the correct statement.

Metabolic pathways are linear only.
\(\mathrm{CO}_2\) dissolving in water is uncatalysed reaction in living systems.
Flow of metabolites through metabolic pathway has a definite rate and direction.
Each of the metabolic reactions are physical reactions

Question 77 of 117

77. Question

The most important form of energy currency in living systems is the bond energy in a chemical called

ATP
Glucose
Amino acid
GLUT 4

Question 78 of 117

78. Question

Select the correct statement regarding metabolic pathway in which acetic acid is converted into cholesterol.

It is anabolic process lead to the release of energy
It is catabolic process lead to the release of energy
It is anabolic process and consumes energy
It is catabolic process and consumes energy

Question 79 of 117

79. Question

Glucose becomes lactic acid in our skeletal muscles is an example of

biosynthetic pathway
catabolic pathway
anabolic pathway
energy consuming process

Question 80 of 117

80. Question

Anabolic pathway in metabolism are (i) pathway and (ii) energy. Select the option that correctly fills blanks (i) and (ii).

A – Biosynthetic, B – Release
A – Biosynthetic, B – Consume
A – Biodegenerative, B – Release
A – Biodegenerative, B – Consume

Question 81 of 117

81. Question

Which of the following processes requires energy input?

Assembly of a protein from amino acids
Formation of cholesterol from acetic acid
Formation of lactic acid from glucose
Both (a) and (b)

Question 82 of 117

82. Question

The blood concentration of glucose in a normal healthy individual is

\(6.1 \mathrm{~m} \mathrm{~mol} / \mathrm{L}-10.2 \mathrm{~m} \mathrm{~mol} / \mathrm{L}\)
\(4.2 \mathrm{~m} \mathrm{~mol} / \mathrm{L}-6.1 \mathrm{~m} \mathrm{~mol} / \mathrm{L}\)
\(0.2 \mathrm{~m} \mathrm{~mol} / \mathrm{L}-0.6 \mathrm{~m} \mathrm{~mol} / \mathrm{L}\)
\(14.2 \mathrm{~m} \mathrm{~mol} / \mathrm{L}-20.1 \mathrm{~m} \mathrm{~mol} / \mathrm{L}\)

Question 83 of 117

83. Question

The living state is a ____ perform work. state to be able to

non-equilibrium steady
equilibrium steady
non-equilibrium unsteady
equilibrium unsteady

Question 84 of 117

84. Question

The blood concentration of hormone in a normal healthy individual would be measured in

\(g r a m s / m L\)
nanograms \(/ \mathrm{mL}\)
micrograms \(/ \mathrm{mL}\)
milligrams \(/ \mathrm{mL}\)

Question 85 of 117

85. Question

Living process is a constant effort to prevent falling into (i). This is achieved by energy (ii). Select the option that correctly fill blanks (i) and (ii).

(i) Equilibrium, (ii) input
(i) Non-Equilibrium, (ii) output
(i) Non-Equilibrium, (ii) input
(i) Equilibrium, (ii) output

Question 86 of 117

86. Question

Select the incorrect statement.

Living state is non-equilibrium steady state.
The system at equilibrium can perform work.
The living process is a constant effect to prevent the system falling into equilibrium.
Without metabolism, there cannot be a living state.

Question 87 of 117

87. Question

Enzymes catalyse the biochemical reactions by ____ the activation energy.

lowering
increasing
unaltering
either (a) or (b)

Question 88 of 117

88. Question

Which of the following statements about enzymes are correct?
(i) Enzymes do not alter the overall change in free energy for a reaction.
(ii) Enzymes are proteins whose three dimensional shape is key to their functions.
(iii) Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering activation energy.
(iv) Enzymes are highly specific for reactions.
(v) The energy input needed to start a chemical reaction is called activation energy.

(i) and (v)
(ii) and (iv)
(i), (ii) and (iv)
All of these

Question 89 of 117

89. Question

Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: Ribozymes are RNA molecules which catalyse the synthesis of certain specific RNAs and removal of introns from mRNA.
Statement 2: Ribozymes are proteinaceous enzymes.

Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.
Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct
Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect

Question 90 of 117

90. Question

\(
\text { What is denoted by } X \text { and } Y \text { in the given graph? }
\)

\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline {\mathbf{X}} & {\mathbf{Y}} \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
\text {a. Activation energy } \\
\text { without enzyme }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Activation energy with } \\
\text { enzyme }
\end{array} \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
\text {b. Activation energy } \\
\text { with enzyme }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Activation energy } \\
\text { without enzyme }
\end{array} \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
\text {c. Substrate } \\
\text { concentration with } \\
\text { enzyme }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Substrate concentration } \\
\text { without enzyme }
\end{array} \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
\text {d. Substrate } \\
\text { concentration } \\
\text { without enzyme }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Substrate concentration } \\
\text { with enzyme }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

a
b
c
d

Question 91 of 117

91. Question

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding enzymatic activity?

It increases with increase in substrate concentration upto the saturation point.
It is highest at optimum pH value.
It initially decreases with increase in \(\mathrm{pH}\) value.
It initially increases with increase in temperature and then decreases.

Question 92 of 117

92. Question

Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: Low temperature destroys enzymes by causing their denaturation.
Statement 2: High temperature preserves the enzymes in their inactive stage.

Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.
Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.
Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Question 93 of 117

93. Question

The given graph represents effects of change in various factors on enzymatic activity. Select the option that correctly identifies X-axis and Y-axis.

X-axis -Substrate concentration, Y-axis – Enzyme activity
X-axis – Enzyme activity, Y-axis – Temperature
X-axis – Enzyme activity, Y-axis – \(\mathrm{pH}\)
X-axis – Temperature, Y-axis – Enzyme activity

Question 94 of 117

94. Question

Which one of the given graphs shows the effect of \(\mathrm{pH}\) on the velocity of a typical enzymatic reaction (V)?

a
b
c
d

Question 95 of 117

95. Question

Which one of the given graphs shows the effect of temperature on the velocity of a typical enzymatic reaction?

a
b
c
d

Question 96 of 117

96. Question

Michaelis Menten Constant \(\left(\mathrm{K}_m\right)\) is equal to

the rate of reaction
the rate of enzymatic activity
substrate concentration at which the reaction attains half of its maximum velocity
substrate concentration at which the rate of reaction is maximum.

Question 97 of 117

97. Question

Enzymes are most functional within the temperature range of

\(10^{\circ}-80^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\)
\(25^{\circ}-40^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\)
\(-15^{\circ}–25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\)
\(50^{\circ}-60^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\)

Question 98 of 117

98. Question

The inhibitor which closely resembles the substrate in its molecular structure and inhibits the enzyme activity by binding to the active site of the enzyme is called

feedback inhibitor
non-competitive inhibitor
competitive inhibitor
allosteric modulator

Question 99 of 117

99. Question

Inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase by malonate is an example of

non-competitive inhibition
competitive inhibition
allosteric inhibition
negative feedback

Question 100 of 117

100. Question

Feedback inhibition of an enzyme is influenced by

enzyme itself
external factors
end product
substrate

Question 101 of 117

101. Question

Feedback inhibition of an enzyme is influenced by

enzyme itself
external factors
end product
substrate

Question 102 of 117

102. Question

Refer to the given reaction.
\(\)
\mathrm{C}_{12} \mathrm{H}_{22} \mathrm{O}_{11}+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \stackrel{\text { Enzyme } \mathrm{A}}{\longrightarrow} 2 \mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6
\(\)

Enzyme A used in the reaction, belongs to which class of enzymes?

Dehydrogenases
Transferases
Hydrolases
Lyases

Question 103 of 117

103. Question

Enzymes that catalyse removal of gróups from substrates by mechanisms other than hydrolysis, and addition of groups to double bonds, are called

ligases
lyases
hydrolases
dehydrogenases

Question 104 of 117

104. Question

Dihydroxyacetone-3-phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate are interconvertible. The enzyme responsible for this interconversion belongs to the cateogry of

isomerases
ligases
lyases
hydrolases

Question 105 of 117

105. Question

Which of the following is an example of isozyme?

[latex]\alpha[/latex]-amylase
Glucokinase
Lactate dehydrogenase
All of these

Question 106 of 117

106. Question

Holoenzyme is the complete enzyme consisting of an apoenzyme and a co-factor. Select the option that correctly identifies the nature of apoenzyme and co-factor.

\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline{\text { Apoenzyme }} & {\text { Co-factor }} \\
\hline \text {a. Protein } & \text { Non-protein } \\
\hline \text {b. Non-protein } & \text { Protein } \\
\hline \text {c. Protein } & \text { Protein } \\
\hline \text {d. Non-protein } & \text { Non-protein } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

a
b
c
d

Question 107 of 117

107. Question

Read the given paragraph with few blanks. Prosthetic groups are (i) compounds distinguished from other co-factors in being (ii) bound to the apoenzyme. For example, in peroxidase and (iii) which catalyse the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide to water and (iv), (v) is the prosthetic group. Select the option that correctly fills blanks in the above paragraph.

\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { (i) } & \text { (ii) } & \text { (iii) } & \text { (iv) } & \text { (v) } \\
\hline \text { (a) } & \text { organic } & \text { tightly } & \text { catalase } & \text { oxygen } & \text { haem } \\
\hline \text { (b) } & \text { inorganic } & \text { loosely } & \text { catalase } & \text { hydrogen } & \text { haem } \\
\hline \text { (c) } & \text { inorganic } & \text { tightly } & \text { isomerase } & \text { hydrogen } & \text { haem } \\
\hline \text { (d) } & \text { organic } & \text { loosely } & \text { isomerase } & \text { oxygen } & \text { haem } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

a
b
c
d

Question 108 of 117

108. Question

Co-enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) contains vitamin

thiamine
riboflavin
niacin
none of these

Question 109 of 117

109. Question

Zinc is a co-factor for proteolytic enzyme ___.

carboxypeptidase
fumarase
isocitrate
all of these

Question 110 of 117

110. Question

Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: Co-factors play a crucial role in the catalytic activity of the enzyme.
Statement 2: Catalytic activity is lost when co-factor is removed from the enzyme.

Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.
Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.
Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Question 111 of 117

111. Question

Biochemical reagents are widely used for detection of biomolecules. A reagent that specifically detects a carbonyl group \((C=O)\) in a biomolecule will yield a positive test with

protein
carbohydrate
fatty acid
all of these

Question 112 of 117

112. Question

Which of the following graphs correctly indicates the reaction in presence (indicated by + ) and absence (indicated as -) of an enzyme?

a
b
c
d

Question 113 of 117

113. Question

The standard free energy change and standard activation energy for four biochemical reactions are listed in the table below.

\(
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline \text { Reaction } & \begin{array}{c}
\text { Standard free } \\
\text { energy change } \\
\text { (kcal/mol) }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}
\text { Standard } \\
\text { activation energy } \\
\text { (kcal/mol) }
\end{array} \\
\hline P & -40 & 18 \\
\hline Q & -71 & 18 \\
\hline R & -40 & 11 \\
\hline S & -71 & 11 \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

A few interpretations are given below. Among these, the most appropriate interpretation is

\(P, Q, R\) and \(S\) represent the same reaction carried out in the presence of enzyme, high temperature, absence of enzyme and low temperature, respectively
\({Q}\) and \(S\) represent the same reaction carried out at high and low temperatures, respectively
\(R\) and \(S\) represent the same reaction carried out in the presence and absence of catalyst, respectively
\(P\) and \(R\) represent the same reaction carried out in the absence and presence of enzyme, respectively.

Question 114 of 117

114. Question

Refer to the given graph showing the relationship between temperature and enzyme action.

Select the correct statement regarding ‘ A ‘ and ‘ B ‘.
(i) ‘ A ‘ shows rate at which reaction decreases due to denaturation of enzyme molecules.
(ii) ‘ B ‘ shows rate at which reaction increases due to decreased kinetic energy of substrate.
(iii) As temperature rises, more and more enzyme molecules are denatured and ‘ A ‘ appears to fall.
(iv) ‘ B ‘ shows rate at which reaction increases due to increased kinetic energy of substrate and enzyme molecules.

(i), (iii) and (iv)
(iii) only
(iii) and (iv) only
(i) and (ii) only

Question 115 of 117

115. Question

Refer to the given figure of a polysaccharide and select the incorrect option regarding it.

It is a storage polysaccharide.
It is formed by the condensation of [latex]\alpha-D[/latex] glucose units.
It gives blue-black colour with iodine solution.
Besides a straight chain, it bears several side chains, which may be branched further.

Question 116 of 117

116. Question

How many of the following fatty acids are essential fatty acids?
Palmitic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, linolenic acid

two
one
four
three

Question 117 of 117

117. Question

The given table shows differences between apoenzyme and coenzyme. Select the incorrect pair of differences.

\(
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline & \text { Apoenzyme } & \text { Coenzyme } \\
\hline \text { (i) } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { It is protein part } \\
\text { of the holoenzyme } \\
\text { or conjugate } \\
\text { enzyme. }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { It is the nonprotein organic } \\
\text { group which gets attached to the } \\
\text { apoenzyme to from holoenzyme } \\
\text { or conjugate enzyme. }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { (ii) } & \text { It is small in size. } & \text { It is large in size. } \\
\hline \text { (iii) } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { It takespartin only } \\
\text { catalyticactivity of } \\
\text { the enzyme. }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { It helps in removing a product } \\
\text { of chemical reaction besides } \\
\text { bringing contact between the } \\
\text { substrate and the enzyme. }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { (iv) } & \text { It is heat stable. } & \text { It is thermolabile. } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

(i) and (ii)
(ii) and (iii)
(i) and (iv)
(ii) and (iv)

CLASS-XI BIOLOGY + NEET

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