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Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding bilateral symmetry?
(c) Bilateral symmetry is found in few invertebrates and all vertebrates.
Identify type of symmetry in the given animals A and B
(c) Figure ‘ A ‘ is of Hydra which has radial symmetry and figure ‘ B ‘ is of Cancer (crab) which has bilateral symmetry.
Diploblastic and triploblastic are terms that describe
(c) During embryonic development, diploblastic animals have two germinal layers (ectoderm and endoderm) e.g., poriferans while triploblastic animals have three germinal layers (ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm) e.g., platyhelminthes.
The animals possessing the following type of germ layers (A and B) are called ___ and ____ respectively.
a
Examine the figures of diploblastic (i) and triploblastic (ii) organisation in animals given below and identify the labelled parts A to D.
d
The figures given below show the types of coelom. Identify them and select the correct group of organisms which possess them.
(a) Figure ‘ A ‘ is of coelomates (Annelids), figure ‘ B ‘ is of pseudocoelomates (Aschelminthes) and figure ‘ C ‘ is of acoelomates (Platyhelminthes).
Which of the following are correct?
(i) Diploblastic : Poriferans, Coelenterates
(ii) Triploblastic : Platyhelminthes to Chordates
(iii) Acoelomate : Poriferans, Coelenterates, Platyhelminthes
(iv) Pseudocoelomate : Aschelminthes/Roundworms
(v) Eucoelomate : Annelids to Chordates
d
Select the correct matching of animals, their symmetry, organisation and coelom type.
Animals Symmetry Organisation Coelom type
(a) Ctenophores Radial Diploblastic Pseudo-coelomates
(b) Echinoderms Bilateral Triploblastic Coelomates
(c) Platyhelminthes Bilateral Triploblastic Acoelomates
(d) Annelids Biradial Diploblastic Coelomates
(c) Ctenophores are acoelomates. In echinoderms, larvae have bilateral symmetry while adults have radial symmetry. Annelids are triploblastic.
Identify the animal which has ladder like nervous system.
(c) In platyhelminthes, the nervous system is ladder-like.
Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1 : All triploblastic animals are eucoelomates.
Statement 2 : Triploblastic animals have a false coelom.
(d) Animals belonging to Phyla Platyhelminthes to Chordata are triploblastic while Poriferans and Cnidarians are diploblastic. Sponges, cnidarians, ctenophorans and platyhelminthes are acoelomates, aschelminthes are pseudocoelomates and annelids, arthropods, echinoderms and chordates are eucoelomates. Eucoelomates have true coelom.
Which of the following is correctly matched?
(a) Coelenterates have radial symmetry and aschelminthes are pseudiocoelomates. Molluscs do not show metamerism. Sponges are diploblastic.
Study carefully the given flow chart and fill in the blanks (A) to (E)
d
Identify the given figures A, B and C and select the correct option.
a
In most simple type of canal system of porifera, which of the following ways exhibit water flow?
(a) The central body cavity of sponges is called spongocoel. Their body is porous. The inhalent pores are called ostia and exhalent pores are known as oscula. The body of a sponge is organised in such a manner as to form a complex system of pores and canals. This system is called canal system. Water flows in through ostia to spongocoel and comes out to exterior via osculum.
Which of the following is not a characteristic feature of sponges?
(d) In sponges, the body is not supported by chitin. Their body is supported by calcareous or siliceous spicules or protein spongin fibres.
Select the incorrect characteristic regarding sponges.
(b) In sponges, sexes are not separate (hermaphrodite), i.e., eggs and sperms are produced by the same individuals. Sperms leave one sponge and enter another with water current to fertilise the ova (eggs) in situ. Thus, fertilisation is internal.
The statements given below show some characteristics of a phylum. Identify the phylum.
(i) Tissue absent
(ii) Internal fertilisation
(iii) Development is indirect
(iv) Spongocoelate with ostia (many) and single osculum and canal system
(v) Sexes are hermaphrodite
b
Which of the following statements is correct for sponges without exception?
(b) All sponges have high regenerative power. Their skeleton may consist of calcareous or siliceous spicules. Some sponges live in freshwater e.g. Spongilla. Most of the sponges are asymmetrical, some are radially symmetrical.
Which of the following is not a correct match of animal and its habitat?
(b) All ctenophores are exclusively marine, e.g., Pleurobrachia.
Stinging capsules (nematocysts) are found in
(c)Â Stinging capsules (nematocysts) are the organs of offence and defence, present in the Phylum Coelenterata. Sea pen and sea fan are members of this phylum.
Match the following and select the correct option from the given codes.
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|r|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Physalia } & \text { (i) } & \text { Sea anemone } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Meandrina } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Brain coral } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Gorgonia } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Sea fan } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Adamsia } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Portuguese man-of-war } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
c
Which of the following have porous body and are diploblastic?
(c) Sycon and Spongilla belong to the Phylum Porifera and thus have porous body (body is provided with pores) and are diploblastic (i.e., derived from two germ layers ectoderm and endoderm).
Identify the figures A, B, C and D and select the correct option.
b
Read the given characters.
(i) Extracellular and intracellular digestion
(ii) Exclusively marine, radially symmetrical, diploblastic, tissue level of organisation
(iii) Bisexual, fertilisation external and indirect development
(iv) No asexual reproduction
(v) Presence of comb plates
The characters given above are shown by
c
Given below are three statements regarding Aschelminthes.
(i) They are bilaterally symmetrical and triploblastic.
(ii) They are dioecious.
(iii) All are plant or animal parasites.
Select the option that has both the correct statements.
(a) Aschelminthes are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and dioecious animals. They may be free-living, aquatic and terrestrial or parasitic on plants and animals.
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|r|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Choanocytes } & \text { (i) } & \text { Platyhelminthes } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Cnidoblasts } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Ctenophora } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Flame cells } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Porifera } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Nephridia } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Coelenterata } \\
\hline \text { E. } & \text { Comb plates } & \text { (v) } & \text { Annelida } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
d
Identify the figures A, B, C and D and select the correct option.
d
In which of the following, segmentation in the body is first observed?
(c) Segmentation is the division or differentiation of the body into distinct portions called segments. It is first observed in Phylum Annelida.
Consider the following statements $(A-C)$ each with two blanks.
A. Animals like Hydra and jellyfish depict (i) symmetry whereas earthworm and leech show (ii) symmetry.
B. In (iii) and (iv) digestive tract has only single opening (mouth) and is said to be incomplete.
C. Trichinella (Trichina worm) is a cosmopolitan (v) parasite whereas Fasciola (liver fluke) lives in the bile ducts of the liver of (vi).
Which one of the following options, correctly fills any two statements?
c
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|r|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Protandry } & \text { (i) } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Ovaries mature earlier } \\
\text { than testes }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Protogyny } & \text { (ii) } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Testes mature earlier } \\
\text { than ovaries }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { C. } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Metameric } \\
\text { segmentation }
\end{array} & \text { (iii) } & \text { Scorpion } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Radial symmetry } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Nereis } \\
\hline \text { E. } & \text { Book lungs } & \text { (v) } & \text { Aurelia } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
d
Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: Blood is colourless in the insects.
Statement 2: insect blood has no role in \(\mathrm{O}_2\) transport.
(a) Blood is colourless in insects as it has no respiratory pigment. Therefore, it has no role in \(\mathrm{O}_2\) transport. \(\mathrm{O}_2\) is transported through tracheae.
What is common between earthworm and Periplaneta?
(d)Â Both earthworm (annelid) and Periplaneta (arthropod) have segmented bodies. In earthworm, the body is metamerically segmented while in Periplaneta, it is externally segmented.
Which of the following are examples of Phylum Arthropoda?
(d) Startish or seastar is an echinoderm. Clam worm is an annelid whereas apple snail is a mollusc. Silverfish, prawn, honeybee, tongue worm, scorpion and cockroach are arthropods.
Among the following organisms which is a completely non-parasitic form?
(a)Â Sea anemone is not parasitic, It shows mutualism with hermit crab. Tapeworm is an endoparasite while leech and mosquito are exoparasites.
Which one of the following features is common in silverfish, scorpion, dragonfly and prawn?
(c) Silverfish, scorpion, dragonfly and prawn belong to the Phylum Arthropoda and thus, have jointed appendages and chitinous exoskeleton.
What is common among crab and honeybee?
(a) Crab and honeybee, belong to the Phylum Arthropoda. The members of this phylum have characteristic features of jointed appendages.
Which of the following is an excretory organ in Hemichordata?
a
What is true about Nereis, scorpion, cockroach and silverfish?
(a) Nereis belongs to Phylum Annelida and scorpion, cockroach and silverfish belong to Phylum Arthopoda. They all possess dorsal heart.
Identify the figures A, B, C and D given below and select the correct option.
a
Read the following statements and select the incorrect ones.
(i) Circulatory system in arthropods is of closed type.
(ii) Parapodia in annelids help in swimming.
(iii) Phylum Mollusca is the second largest animal phylum.
(iv) Aschelminthes are dioecious.
(b) The circulatory system in arthropods is of open type, i.e., blood flows in irregular spaces called lacunae. It does not flow in definite blood vessels.
The given figures (A – D) show four animals. Select the correct option with respect to a common characteristic of any two of these animals.
(d) Figure ‘ \(C\) ‘ is of Octopus (mollusc) and figure ‘ \(D\) ‘ is of scorpion (arthropod). Both have true coeloms. Figure ‘ \(A\) ‘ is of tapeworm (platyhelminth) and figure ‘ \(B\) ‘ is of Aurelia (cnidarian). Scorpion respires through book lungs. Octopus shows bilateral symmetry. Tapeworm does not have cnidoblasts for self-defence.
Which one of the following statements about certain given animals is correct?
(a) Roundworms are pseudocoelomates. Molluscs and annelids are coelomates while flatworms are acoelomates.
Phylum Mollusca can be distinguished from other invertebrates by the presence of
(d) Members of Phylum Mollusca have non-segmented body with a distinct head, muscular foot and visceral hump. A soft and spongy layer of skin forms a mantle over the visceral hump.
Fill up the blank spaces in the table below by selecting the correct option.
\(
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|}
\hline \begin{array}{c}
\text { Phylum/ } \\
\text { Class }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}
\text { Excretory } \\
\text { organ }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}
\text { Circulatory } \\
\text { system }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}
\text { Respiratory } \\
\text { organ }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { Arthropoda } & \text { A } & \text { B } & \begin{array}{c}
\text { Lungs/Gills/ } \\
\text { Tracheal system }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { C } & \text { Nephridia } & \text { Closed } & \text { Skin } \\
\hline \text { D } & \text { Metanephridia } & \text { Open } & \text { E } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
b
Which one of the following is a matching set of a phylum and its three examples?
d
Which of the following is commonly called “pearl oyster”?
(c) Pinctada belongs to Phylum Moliusca and is commonly called “pearl oyster.”
Bilateral symmetry, segmentation, coelom and open circulatory system characterises which of the following phyla?
(c) Arthropods show various body shapes with bilateral symmetry. They show segmentation. They have true coelom containing haemocoel. In arthropods, blood vascular/circulatory system is of open type where blood flows in haemocoel instead of blood vessels.
You have discovered an animal having characters like, triploblastic, bilateral symmetry, coelomate, chitinous exoskeleton, head, thorax and abdomen as body parts, and jointed appendages.
You should place the animal under
b
Which of the following statements are incorrect?
(i) Parapodia are lateral appendages in arthropod used for swimming.
(ii) Radula in molluscs are structures involved in excretion
(iii) Aschelminthes are dioecious.
(iv) Echinoderm adults show radial symmetry.
(v) Ctenophorans are diploblastic.
(a) Parapodia are present in some annelid worms. These are a pair of flattened flesh lobes bearing numerous bristles. Radula (rasping organ) in molluscs is a structure involved in feeding.
In which one of the following, the genus name, its two characters and its phylum are not correctly matched?
\(
\begin{array}{|l|c|c|c|}
\hline & \text { Genus name } & {\text { Characters }} & \text { Phylum } \\
\hline \text { (a) } & \text { Pila } & \begin{array}{c}
\text { (i) Body segmented } \\
\text { (ii) Mouth with radula }
\end{array} & \text { Mollusca } \\
\hline \text { (b) } & \text { Asterias } & \begin{array}{c}
\text { (i) Spiny skinned } \\
\text { (ii) Water vascular system }
\end{array} & \text { Echinodermata } \\
\hline \text { (c) } & \text { Sycon } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { (i) Pore bearing } \\
\text { (ii) Canal system }
\end{array} & \text { Porifera } \\
\hline \text { (d) } & \text { Periplaneta } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { (i) Jointed appendages } \\
\text { (ii) Chitinous exoskeleton }
\end{array} & \text { Arthropoda } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
(a) Pila, belonging to the Phylum Mollusca, has an unsegmented body.
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|r|l|}
\hline & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Column I } \\
\text { (Common name) }
\end{array} & & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Column II } \\
\text { (Zoological name) }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Starfish } & \text { (i) } & \text { Sepia } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Jellyfish } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Asterias } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Devilfish } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Aurelia } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Cuttlefish } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Octopus } \\
\hline & & \text { (v) } & \text { Hippocampus } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
a
Which one of the following groups of three animals is correctly matched with their one characteristic morphological feature?
\(
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline & \text { Animals } & \text { Morphological features } \\
\hline \text { (a) } & \text { Scorpion, spider, cockroach } & \text { Ventral solid central nervous system } \\
\hline \text { (b) } & \text { Cockroach, locust, Taenia } & \text { Metameric segmentation } \\
\hline \text { (c) } & \text { Planaria, Hydra, earthworm } & \text { Triploblastic } \\
\hline \text { (d) } & \text { Centipede, prawn, sea urchin } & \text { } \quad \text { Jointed appendages } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
(a) Scorpion, spider and cockroach are invertebrates and belong to the Phylum Arthropoda, therefore they have ventral solid central nervous system. In cockroach and locust, the body is segmented externally. In Taenia, the body is without true segments. Liver fluke has bilateral symmetry, sea anemone has radial symmetry and sea-cucumber has bilateral symmetry in larval form and radial symmetry in adult form. Centipede and prawn have jointed appendages while sea urchin does not have jointed appendages.
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|c|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Hirudin } & \text { (i) } & \text { Hydra } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Canal system } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Echinodermata } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Nematocysts } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Leech } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Feather star } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Sponges } \\
\hline \text { E. } & \text { Insects } & \text { (v) } & \text { Termites } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
c
Identify the animal (A) and name the phylum to which it belongs (B).
(a) The given animal belongs to Phylum Hemichordata. The name of the animal is Balanogiossus or acorn worm.
Which one of the following is a matching pair of a body feature and the animal possessing it?
(a) Leech possesses a ventral central nervous system. Scorplon has a dorsal heart. Pharyngeal gill slits and post-anal tail are characteristic features of chordates. Chameleon is a chordate, so it possesses pharyngeal gill- slits in embryonic stage. Octopus is a non-chordate.
Animals belonging to Phylum Chordata are fundamentally characterised by the presence of structures noted as A, B, C and D. Identify them and select the correct option.
(b) The given figure shows the internal organisation of a hypothetical chordate. It posseses notochord (B) either during early embryonic stage or throughout life. The notochord lies ventral to nerve cord (A). It posseses a post anal tail (D) and paired pharyngeal gill slits (C).
Which one of the following phyla is correctly matched with its two general characteristics?
(b) Mollusca is normally oviparous and its development may be direct or indirect. If development is indirect then it occurs through trochophore or veliger larva. Echinoderms show bilateral symmetry in larvae but pentamerous radial symmetry in adult. Fertilisation is external. In arthropods, body is divided into head, thorax and abdomen. Respiratory organs consists of book gills, book lungs and tracheae. Notochord is present in chordates at some stage of their lives. Urinary and anal openings, may or may not be separate.
Which of the following is/are examples of subphylum Urochordata?
d
Crocodile and penguin are similar to whale and dogfish in which one of the following features?
(d) Crocodile, penguin, whale and dogfish are all chordates and have pharyngeal gill slits at some stage of life history. This is the characteristic feature of chordates.
Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: Urochordates and cephalochordates are often called invertebrate chordates.
Statement 2: Urochordates and cephalochordates are a connecting link between the invertebrates and chordates.
(b) Urochordates and cephalochordates are marine without a vertebral column. They are often referred to as invertebrate chordates or protochordates. They are regarded to be early, primitive, or first chordates closely allied with the ancestral chordate stock. They are not a connecting link between the invertebrates and chordates.
Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: Cephalochordata bears notochord throughout their life.
Statement 2: In cephalochordates, notochord extends from head to tail.
(a) In cephalochordata, notochord extends from head to tail and is persistent throughout their life.
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|r|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Cyclostomes } & \text { (i) } & \text { Hemichordata } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Aves } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Urochordata } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Tunicates } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Agnatha } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Balanoglossus } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Pisces } \\
\hline \text { E. } & \text { Osteichthyes } & \text { (v) } & \text { Tetrapod } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
c
Which one of the following statements is incorrect about the occurrence of notochord?
(c)Â Humans belong to the Phylum Chordata. Animals belonging to the Phylum Chordata possess a notochord either during early embryonic life or throughout the life. In some, it is replaced by vertebral column. In humans, notochord is present only in the embryonic stage, it is replaced by vertebral column in the adult form.
In some chordates, the notochord is modified as the vertebral column. Such animals are called vertebrates. Which one of the following statements is correct?
(c) Chordates are those animals that have rod-like notochord. Notochord is also present in vertebrates but in most adult vertebrates, the notochord is replaced by vertebral column, which is the peculiar feature of vertebrates. Thus, we can say that all vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates.
A common characteristic of all vertebrates without exception is
(d) Vertebrates belong to the Subphylum Vertebrata of the Phylum Chordata. All vertebrates share a common diagnostic character, the elaboration of anterior skeletal elements into a “cranium” or “skull” which houses various sense organs and a complex brain. The distinctive vertebrate cranium and brain evolved even before the vertebral column and are, therefore, more fundamental characteristic of vertebrates than the backbone.
Study the following flow chart for division of subphylum vertebrata. Fill the gaps A, B, C and D and select the correct option.
(a) Subphylum Vertebrata is divided into two divisions. They are agnatha (jawless) and gnathostomata (with jaw). Agnatha are further divided into two classes-Ostracodermi, which is extinct and Cyclostomata (e.g., hagfish). Jawed vertebrates are divided into two superclasses-Pisces (true fish) and Tetrapoda (four limbs).
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|c|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Wings } & \text { (i) } & \text { Reptiles } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Operculum } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Chondrichthyes } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Scutes } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Birds } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Cartilaginous } \\
\text { endoskeleton }
\end{array} & \text { (iv) } & \text { Osteichthyes } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
d
Match column I with column II and select the correct option.
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|r|l|}
\hline & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Column I } \\
\text { (Excretory organs) }
\end{array} & & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Column II } \\
\text { (Animals) }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Nephridia } & \text { (i) } & \text { Hydra } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Malpighian tubules } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Leech } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Protonephridia } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Shark } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Kidneys } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Roundworms } \\
\hline & & \text { (v) } & \text { Cockroach } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
a
To which classes do the following animals belong?
A-Petromyzon, B-Scoliodon, C-Pristis
(a) Petromyzon (Lamprey) is an example of Class Cyclostomata. Scoliodon (Dogfish) and Pristis (Sawfish) are examples of Class Chondrichthyes.
Which of the following is/are not the characteristic(s) of the Class Osteichthyes?
(i) Body is streamlined and mouth is terminal.
(ii) Gills are covered by operculum.
(iii) Skin covered with cycloid and placoid scales.
(iv) Many of them are viviparous.
(b) In Osteichthyes, skin is covered with cycloid/ctenoid scales. They are mostly oviparous.
Select the correct option in respect of characteristics of each group.
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { Cydostomes } & \text { Chondrichthyes } & \text { Osteichthyes } \\
\hline \text { (i) } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Sucking } \\
\text { mouth }
\end{array} & \text { Ventral mouth } & \text { Terminal mouth } \\
\hline \text { (ii) } & \text { Scales absent } & \text { Placoid scales } & \text { Cydoid/Ctenoid scales } \\
\hline \text { (iii) } & \text { Marine } & \text { Marine } & \text { Marine and freshwater } \\
\hline \text { (iv) } & \begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{6 – 1 5} \text { pairs of } \\
\text { gills }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { 5-7 pairs of gills with } \\
\text { operculum }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { 4 pairs of gills with } \\
\text { operculum }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
d
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|r|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Cartilaginous fishes } & \text { (i) } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Usually external } \\
\text { fertilisation }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Bony fishes } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Internal fertilisation } \\
\hline & & \text { (iii) } & \text { Mostly oviparous } \\
\hline & & \text { (iv) } & \text { Mostly viviparous } \\
\hline & & \text { (v) } & \text { Direct development } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
b
The figure of Labeo rohita is given below. Identify the parts labelled as A, B, C, D and E.
c
Which of the following is a correct match?
(c) Lamprey and hagfish belong to Class Cyclostomata. Saw fish belongs to Class Chondrichthyes.
Which of the following group is formed of only the hermaphrodite organisms?
(d) Hermaphrodite organisms are those organisms in which both male and female sex organs are present in a single individual. Earthworm, tapeworm, leech and sponge are hermaphroditic organisms.
Which of the following statements is/are correct or incorrect regarding Class Amphibia?
(i) Body is divisible into head and trunk. Tail is present in some amphibians.
(ii) Show respiration by gills, lungs and through skin.
(iii) Has scales in all its members.
(iv) Can lead dual life (aquatic and terrestrial).
(v) Has eyelids.
(c) Amphibians do not have scales. Their skin is moist.
Read the given statements and select the correct option. Statement 1: Amphibians often hibernate in winter and aestivate in summer.
Statement 2: Amphibians are poikilothermic animals and cannot regulate body temperature.
(a) Amphibians are poikilothermic animals, i.e. they cannot regulate body temperature. Their body temperature varies with the environment. Therefore, they hibernate in winter (winter sleep) to keep their body warm and aestivate in summer (summer sleep) to keep their body cool.
The limbless amphibian is
(a) Ichthyophis (Blind worm) is a limbless amphibian.
Identify the given animal.
d
Which of the following groups of animals are coelomates?
d
Match column I with column II and select the correct option.
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|c|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Octopus } & \text { (i) } & \text { Limbs } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Crocodile } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Comb plates } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Catla } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Arms } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Ctenoplana } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Fins } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
d
Amphibians share with reptiles all of the following characters except
(b) In reptiles, fertilisation is internal and development is direct.
Which one of the following is a matching pair of an animal and a certain phenomenon it exhibits?
(b)Â Complete metamorphosis is a phenomenon by which a larva after moulting several times changes into an adult form. The life cycle of Musca includes four stages – egg, larva, pupa and adult.
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|r|l|}
\hline & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Column I } \\
\text { (Scientific name) }
\end{array} & & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Column II } \\
\text { (Common name) }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Testudo } & \text { (i) } & \text { Tortoise } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Calotes } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Garden lizard } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Hydrophis } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Wall lizard } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Hemidactylus } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Sea snake } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
b
Read the following.
(i) Body is covered by dry and cornified skin, epidermal scales or scutes
(ii) They have no external ear
(iii) Crawling, creeping habit
(iv) 3-chambered heart
The characteristics given above are associated with
a
Which of the following is incorrectly matched?
(b) Calotes versicolor is the scientific name of garden lizard. Hemidactylus flaviviridis is yellow-bellied house lizard.
The flightless bird among the following is
(c) Struthio (Ostrich) is the largest flightless bird.
Identify the following animals and select the correct option.
b
Consider the following statements (A-D) each with one or two blanks.
A. Four characters of chordates are the presence of (i), dorsal hollow nervous system, (ii) and muscular tail.
B. Agnatha are the most primitive craniates. They are commonly called (iii) vertebrates.
C. Electric ray belongs to Class (iv) while sea horse belongs to Class (v).
D. (vi) are also defined as feathered bipeds. These have a (vii) gland on the tail.
Which one of the following options, correctly fills any two of the given statements?
b
Which of the following characters does not fit for Class Aves?
(d) In birds, the upper and lower jaws are modified into beaks that lack teeth.
Which of the following classes is incorrectly matched with its general characters?
(a) Cyclostomes have a sucking and circular mouth without jaws. Their body is devoid of scales and paired fins.
Select the correct option that represents examples of the following types of animals.
(i) Cold blooded animal
(ii) Warm blooded animal
(iii) Animal possessing dry and cornified skin
(iv) Hermaphrodite animal
(a) Frog (Amphibian) is a cold-blooded animal, while pigeon (Aves) is a warm-blooded animal. Wall lizard (Reptile) possesses dry and cornified skin. Earthworm (Annelid) is a hermaphrodite animal, i.e., both male and female sex organs are present in the single individual.
Which among these is not a homeotherm?
(b) Testudo (tortoise) belonging to Class Reptilia is a poikilotherm (cold-blooded).
Identify the following animals and the classes to which they belong.
a
Which of the following is a correct sequence of decreasing order of number of species?
b
Identify the aquatic mammal(s) from the following.
(i) Balaenoptera
(ii) Equus
(iii) Delphinus
(iv) Pteropus
(v) Felis
(a) Balaenoptera (Whale) and Delphinus (Dolphin) are aquatic mammals. Equus (Horse) and Felis (cat) are terrestrial and Pteropus (Flying fox) is a flying mammal.
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|c|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Amphibia } & \text { (i) } & \text { Air bladder } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Mammals } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Cartilaginous notochord } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Chondrichthyes } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Mammary glands } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Osteichthyes } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Pneumatic bones } \\
\hline \text { E. } & \text { Cyclostomata } & \text { (v) } & \text { Dual habitat } \\
\hline \text { F. } & \text { Aves } & \text { (vi) } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Sucking and circular } \\
\text { mouth without jaws }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
c
Which of the following characters is absent in all chordates except mammals?
(c) Presence of mammary glands by which the young ones are nourished, is one of the peculiar features of mammals.
Examine the figures given below and identify the option which represents correct grouping of the labelled figures A, B, C and D.
b
Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline \text { Animals } & \text { Morphological features } \\
\hline \text { (i) Crocodile } & \text { 4-chambered heart } \\
\text { (ii) Sea Urchin } & \text { Parapodia } \\
\text { (iii) Obelia } & \text { Thecodont } \\
\text { (iv) Lemur } & \text { Thecodont } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
(d) Parapodia are locomotory structures present in some annelids. Sea urchin belongs to Phylum Echinodermata.
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|r|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Labeo rohita } & \text { (i) } & \text { Red junglefowl } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Gallus gallus } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Rohu } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Bos indicus } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Tussar silkmoth } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Antheraea mylitta } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Cattle } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
c
Which of the following is an exclusive character of Class Mammalia?
(d) Presence of a muscular diaphragm is an exclusive character of Class Marnmalia. Diaphragm is a complete muscular partition that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. It increases the efficiency of breathing.
Given below are four matchings of an animal and its kind of respiratory organ.
A. Silverfish – Trachea
B. Scorpion – Booklung
C. Sea squirt – Pharyngeal gill slits
D. Dolphin – Skin
The correct matchings are
(b) Dolphin respires through lungs.
Development of which organism includes rhabditiform larva?
c
_____ remove ammonia through organ of Bojanus.
b
Which of the following is wrongly matched?
(c) Prawn, which is an arthropod, has colourless blood (haemolymph). Haemocyanin is a blue respiratory pigment present in the blood of molluscs.
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|r|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Ammocoete larva } & \text { (i) } & \text { Sea horse } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Crocodiles } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Penguin } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Fish } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Lamprey } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Bird } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Reptilia } \\
\hline \text { E. } & \text { Mammal } & \text { (v) } & \text { Bat } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
a
Select the correct option that represents examples of the following types of animals.
(i) Roundworm
(ii) Fish possessing poison sting
(iii) A limbless amphibian
(iv) An oviparous mammal
d
Which one of the following pairs of animals are similar to each other for the feature stated against them?
(d)Â Sea horse and flying fish are fishes and are coldblooded animals, i.e., the temperature of their body varies with the environment. Ornithorhyncus is oviparous, crocodile has 4-chambered heart, Ascaris and Ancylostoma do not show metameric segmentation.
What is common between parrot, platypus and kangaroo?
(d) homoiotherms, i.e., the temperature of their body remains constant irrespective of the temperature of the environment.
In which one of the following, the genus name, its two characters and its class/phylum are correctly matched?
\(
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Genus } \\
\text { name }
\end{array} & & \text { Two characters } & \begin{array}{c}
\text { Class/ } \\
\text { Phylum }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { (a) } & \text { Aurelia } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { (i) } \\
\text { (ii) }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Cnidoblast } \\
\text { Organ level of } \\
\text { organization }
\end{array} & \text { Coelenterata } \\
\hline \text { (b) } & \text { Ascaris } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { (i) } \\
\text { (ii) }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Body segmented } \\
\text { Males and } \\
\text { females distinct }
\end{array} & \text { Annelida } \\
\hline \text { (c) } & \text { Salamander } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { (i) } \\
\text { (ii) }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}
\text { A tympanum represents the ear } \\
\text { Fertilization is } \\
\text { external }
\end{array} & \text { Amphibia } \\
\hline \text { (d) } & \text { Pteropus } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { (i) } \\
\text { (ii) }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}
\text { Skin possesses hair } \\
\text { Oviparous }
\end{array} & \text { Mammalia } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
(b) Salamandra belonging to the Class Amphibia has a tympanum that covers middle ear and in it fertilisation is internal. Ascaris has unsegmented body and it belongs to the Phylum Aschelminthes. Pteropus is viviparous. Aurelia has tissue level of organisation.
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|r|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Protochordata } & \text { (i) } & \text { Delphinus } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Limbless amphibia } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Myxine } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Oviparous mammal } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Ornithorhynchus } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Aquatic mammal } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Doliolum } \\
\hline \text { E. } & \text { Jawless vertebrate } & \text { (v) } & \text { Ichthyophis } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
b
Which one of the following statements about all the four of Spongilla, leech, dolphin and penguin is correct?
(c) Spongilla is a freshwater sponge in which the inner cellular layer of body consists of highly specialised flagellated cells called choanocytes. These cells are not found in leech, dolphin and penguin.
Refer to the given figures A-D and select the incorrect statement regarding them.
(b) In the given figure, B refers to Ostrich belonging to Class Aves. Birds are warm blooded i.e., homoiothermous. They have preen glands or oil glands at the base of their tail.
Which of the following are correct?
(i) Sponges: Cellular level of organisation
(ii) Cnidaria: Tissue level of organisation
(iii) Platyhelminthes: Organ level of organisation
(iv) Annelids, Arthropods, Molluscs, Echinoderms and Chordates: Organ system level of organisation
d
Refer to the given figure and select the correct option regarding it.
d
Refer to the given names of animals.
Taenia, Tubifex, Peripatus, Unio, Asterias, Salamandra, Chameleon, Pheretima, Sepia.
How many of these animals are with protostomic body plan?
(b) In protostomic body plan the mouth of the digestive tract develops first in the embryo and anus is formed later. This occurs in annelids, molluses and arthropods. Among the given animals Taenia is platyhelminthes, Tubifex and Pheretima are annelids, Unio and Sepia are molluscs and Peripatus is arthropod. Asterias is echinodermata, Salamandra is an amphibian and Chameleon is a reptile.
Recognise the animal given in the diagram and select the correct statement regarding this animal.
c
The cross-section of the body of an invertebrate is given below. Identify the animal, which has this body plan.
(c) The given cross-section is of Planaria (acoelomate), a flatworm. Flatworms are devoid of cavities in between the alimentary canal and body wall, hence are acoelomate.
Which of the following taxa contain exclusively marine animals?
(c) Cnidarians are aquatic and are mostly marine except a few like Hydra, are freshwater.
In the given Venn diagram where would you place Ornithorhynchus and Struthio?
b
Match animals given in column B with their respective mode of locomotion from column A and select the correct option.
\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|c|l|}
\hline & \text { Column A } & & \text { Column B } \\
\hline \text { w. } & \text { Ciliary locomotion } & \text { I. } & \text { Earthworm } \\
\hline \text { x. } & \text { Looping movements } & \text { II. } & \text { Nereis } \\
\hline \text { y. } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Locomotion by setae and } \\
\text { parapodia }
\end{array} & \text { III. } & \text { Crab } \\
\hline \text { z. } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Circular and longitudinal } \\
\text { muscles in the body }
\end{array} & \text { IV. } & \text { Planaria } \\
\hline & & \text { V. } & \text { Amoeba } \\
\hline & & \text { VI. } & \text { Leech } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)
d
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