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Rising of dough is due to
(b) Dough, which is used for making dosa and idli is fermented by bacteria. The puffed up appearance of dough is due to the production of \(\mathrm{CO}_2\) gas. Dough which is used for making bread, is fermented by fungi Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Baker’s yeast)
Which of the following enzymes catalyse the removal of nucleotides from the ends of DNA?
(b) Exonucleases remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA whereas endonucleases make cuts at specific positions within the DNA.
The transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another through the mediation of a vector like virus is termed as
(a) The transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another through the mediation of a vector like virus is termed as transduction.
Which of the given statement is correct in the context of observing DNA separated by agarose gel electrophoresis?
(d) The separated DNA fragments can he visualised only after staining the DNA with a compound known as ethidium bromide followed by exposure to ultraviolet radiation (we cannot see pure DNA fragments in the visible light and without staining).
‘Restriction’ in Restriction enzyme refers to
(c) ‘Restriction’in Restriction enzyme refers to prevention of the multiplication of bacteriophage in bacteria.
Which of the following is not required in the preparation of recombinant DNA molecule?
(d) Genetic engineering or r-DNA technology can be accomplished only if we have the key tools:
(1) Restriction enzymes (2) Polymerase enzymes
(3) Ligases (4) Vectors
(5) Host organism
In agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA molecules are separated on the basis of their
(d) The differential mobility of DNA depends upon charge and size of DNA.
The most important feature in a plasmid to be used as a vector is
(a) The most important feature in a plasmid to be used as a vector is origin of replication (ori).
While isolating DNA from bacteria, which of the following enzymes is not used?
(c) While isolating DNA from bacteria lysozyme, ribonuclease and protease, enzymes is used.
Which of the following has popularised the PCR (polymerase chain reactions)?
(d) If the process of replication ‘of DNA is repeated many times, the segment of DNA can be amplified to approximately billion times i.e., 1 billion copies are made. Such repeated amplification is achieved by the use of a thermostable DNA polymerase (isolated from a thermophilic bacterium Thermits aquaticus), which is active during the high temperature induced denaturation of double stranded DNA.
An antibiotic resistance gene in a vector usually helps in the selection of
(b) An antibiotic resistance gene in a vector usually helps in the selection of transformed cells.
Significance of ‘heat shock’ method in bacterial transformation is to facilitate
(c) Significance of ‘heat shock’ method in bacterial transformation is to facilitate uptake of DNA through transient pores in the bacterial cell wall.
The role of DNA ligase in the construction of a recombinant DNA molecule is
(a) The role of DNA ligase in the construction of a recombinant DNA molecule is formation of phosphodiester bond between two DNA fragments.
Which of the following is not a source of restriction endonuclease?
(c) Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli and Bacillius quifacieus are source of restriction endonuclease.
Which of the following steps are catalysed by Taq polymerase in a PCR reaction?
(c) Taq polymerase is used between annealing and extension, help in extension of primer end on the template DNA.
A bacterial cell was transformed with a recombinant DNA that was generated using a human gene. However, the transformed cells did not produce the desired protein. Reasons could be
(a) A bacterial cell was transformed with a recombinant DNA that was generated using a human gene However, the transformed cells did not produce the desired protein because human gene may have intron which bacteria cannot process.
Which of the following should be chosen for best yield if one were to produce a recombinant protein in large amounts?
(c)
– After having cloned the gene of interest and having optimised the conditions to induce the expression of the target protein one has to consider producing it on a large scale. Small volume cultures cannot yield appreciable quantities of products.
– To produce in large quantities the development of bioreactors, where large volume (100-1000 litres) of culture (continuous) can be processed, was required.
Who among the following was awarded the Nobel Prize for the development of PCR technique?
(c) Karv Mullis was awarded the Nobel Prize for the development of PCR technique.
Which of the following statements does not hold true for restriction enzyme?
(c) Restriction enzyme:
– recognises a palindromic nucleotide sequence
– is an endonuclease isolated from bacteria
– produces the same kind of sticky ends in different DNA molecules
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