Practice Corner MCQs

Question 1 of 108

1. Question

ATP is known as energy currency of the cell because

It stores energy in its phosphate bonds
It releases energy by breaking its phosphate bond whenever required and gets converted to ADP.
both (a) and (b)
none of the above

Question 2 of 108

2. Question

Respiratory substrates are the organic substances which are ____ during respiration to liberate energy.

oxidised
reduced
synthesised
both (a) and (b)

Question 3 of 108

3. Question

Instantaneous source of energy is

proteins
nucleic acids
fats
glucose

Question 4 of 108

4. Question

Complete the following biochemical equation of respiration and select the correct answer.
$
\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6+6 \mathrm{O}_2 \longrightarrow ______ + _____+ ______
$

$6 \mathrm{CO}_2+12 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}+$ Energy
$12 \mathrm{CO}_2+4 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}+$ Energy
$12 \mathrm{CO}_2+6 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}+$ Energy
$6 \mathrm{CO}_2+6 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}+$ Energy

Question 5 of 108

5. Question

The respiration in germinating seeds produces energy which can be detected in the form of

water
heat
oxygen
$\mathrm{CO}_2$

Question 6 of 108

6. Question

Plants can get along without respiratory organ because

each plant part takes care of its own gas exchange needs
plants do not have great demands of gas exchange
each living plant cell in located quite close to the surface of plant
all of these

Question 7 of 108

7. Question

Rise in the water level from $X$ to $Y$ in the given experimental set-up demonstrates

aerobic respiration
anaerobic respiration
photosynthesis
transpiration pull

Question 8 of 108

8. Question

The pathway of respiration common in all living organisms is $\underline{X}$; it occurs in the $\underline{Y}$ and the products formed are two molecules of $Z$.
Identify $X, Y$ and $Z$ in the above paragraph and select the correct answer.

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { X } & \text { Y } & \text { Z } \\
\hline \text { (a) } & \text { EMP pathway } & \text { mitochondrion } & \text { pyruvic acid } \\
\hline \text { (b) } & \text { EMP pathway } & \text { cytoplasm } & \text { pyruvic acid } \\
\hline \text { (c) } & \text { Krebs’ cycle } & \text { cytoplasm } & \text { acetyl CoA } \\
\hline \text { (d) } & \text { Krebs’ cycle } & \text { mitochondrion } & \text { acetyl CoA } \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

a
b
c
d

Question 9 of 108

9. Question

Select the wrong statement with respect to glycolysis.

It occurs outside mitochondria.
It is an anaerobic phase.
Glucose undergoes partial oxidation to form 2 molecules of pyruvic acid.
Glucose is phosphorylated to glucose-6-phosphate by isomerase enzyme.

Question 10 of 108

10. Question

Study the given steps of glycolysis and identify the enzymes (i), (ii) and (iii) responsible for carrying out these steps.

Phosphohexose – (i), Phosphofructokinase – (ii), Aldolase – (iii)
Hexokinase – (i), Phosphofructokinase – (ii), Aldolase – (iii)
Phosphohexose – (i), Hexokinase – (ii), Phosphofructokinase – (iii)
Aldolase – (i), Phosphofructokinase – (ii), Phosphohexose isomerase – (iii)

Question 11 of 108

11. Question

The flow chart given below shows the steps in glycolysis. Select the option that correctly fills in the missing steps A, B, C and D.

\(
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { A } & \text { B } & \text { C } & \text { D } \\
\hline \text { (a) } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Fructose-6- } \\
\text { phosphate }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Fructose -1, 6- } \\
\text { biphosphate }
\end{array} & \text { 3-PGAL } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { 1,3-biphospho- } \\
\text { glyceric acid }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { (b) } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Fructose-1, 6- } \\
\text { biphosphate }
\end{array} & \text { 3-PGAL } & \begin{array}{l}
1,3 \text {-biphospho- } \\
\text { glyceric acid }
\end{array} & \text { 3 PGA } \\
\hline \text { (c) } & \text { 3-PGA } & \begin{array}{l}
1,3 \text {-biphospho- } \\
\text { glyceric acid }
\end{array} & \text { 3-PGAL } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Fructose-1, 6- } \\
\text { biphosphate }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { (d) } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Fructose-1, 6- } \\
\text { biphosphate }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Fructose -6- } \\
\text { phosphate }
\end{array} & \text { 3-PGAL } & \begin{array}{l}
1,3 \text {-biphospho- } \\
\text { glyceric acid }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

a
b
c
d

Question 12 of 108

12. Question

Which of the following are isomers?

3PGA and 2PGA
PGAL and DHAP
Glucose and Fructose
All of these

Question 13 of 108

13. Question

Which of the following steps during glycolysis is associated with utilisation of ATP?

Glucose $\rightarrow$ Glucose – 6- phosphate
Fructose-6-phosphate $\rightarrow$ Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
PEP $\rightarrow$ Pyruvic acid
Both (a) and (b)

Question 14 of 108

14. Question

Which of the following conversions involve ATP synthesis during glycolysis?

Glucose $\rightarrow$ Glucose -6-phosphate
Fructose-6-phosphate $\rightarrow$ Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
1,3-bisphosphoglyceric acid (BPGA) $\rightarrow$ 3-phosphoglyceric acid (PGA)
All of these

Question 15 of 108

15. Question

At the end of glycolysis, $X$ is the net energy gain from one molecule of glucose via $Y$, but there is also energy stored in the form of $Z$. Identify $X, Y$ and $Z$.

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \mathbf{X} & \mathbf{Y} & \mathbf{Z} \\
\hline \text { (a) } & \mathbf{1} \text { ATP } & \text { Oxidative phosphorylation } & N A D H+H^{+} \\
\hline \text { (b) } & \mathbf{2} \text { ATPs } & \text { Oxidative phosphorylation } & N A D H+H^{+} \\
\hline \text { (c) } & \mathbf{1} \text { ATP } & \text { Substrate level phosphorylation } & F A D H_2 \\
\hline \text { (d) } & \mathbf{2} \text { ATPs } & \text { Substrate level phosphorylation } & N A D H+H^{+} \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

a
b
c
d

Question 16 of 108

16. Question

The net gain of ATP molecules in glycolysis during aerobic respiration is

0
2
4
8

Question 17 of 108

17. Question

The end product of glycolysis is

pyruvic acid
glucose
ethyl alcohol
$\mathrm{CO}_2$

Question 18 of 108

18. Question

What is true about the end products of glycolysis?

2 pyruvic acid $+2 \mathrm{ATP}+2 \mathrm{NADH}_2$
2 pyruvic acid $+2 \mathrm{NADH}_2$
1 pyruvic acid $+2 \mathrm{ATP}+2 \mathrm{NADH}_2$
2 pyruvic acid $+1 \mathrm{ATP}+1 \mathrm{NADH}_2$

Question 19 of 108

19. Question

During the process of aerobic respiration, (i) gets oxidised and its electrons get transferred to the electron transport chain while in photosynthesis, (ii) gets oxidised to transfer molecules to the electron transport chain.

(i)-glucose; (ii)-xanthophyll
(i)-carbon dioxide, (ii) – xanthophyll
(i)-carbon dioxide, (ii)-chlorophyll-a
(i)-glucose, (ii)-chlorophyll-a

Question 20 of 108

20. Question

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Fats made of three fatty acid } \\
\text { chains attached to glycerol }
\end{array} & \text { (i) } & \text { Glycogen } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Glycolysis metabolite made } \\
\text { from glycerol }
\end{array} & \text { (ii) } & \text { Glyceraldehyde } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Storage form of glucose } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Triglycerides } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Common respiratory } \\
\text { substrate of glycolysis }
\end{array} & \text { (iv) } & \text { Glucose } \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(i), D-(iii)
A-(iii), B-(ii), C-(i), D-(iv)
A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(i), D-(ii)
A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv)

Question 21 of 108

21. Question

Ethyl alcohol fermentation occurs in

Lactobacillus
Rhizopus
muscles of humans
all of these

Question 22 of 108

22. Question

Anaerobic respiration takes place in

mitochondrion
nucleus
cytoplasm
vacuole

Question 23 of 108

23. Question

Which of the molecule listed below is a product of fermentation of glucose by yeast?

$\left(\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}_5\right)_n$
$\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}$
$\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6$
$\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{OH}$

Question 24 of 108

24. Question

A test tube containing molasses solution and yeast is kept in a warm place overnight. The gas collected from this mixture

extinguishes the flame
bursts into flame when ignited
turns lime water milky
both (a) and (c)

Question 25 of 108

25. Question

Which of the following options does not hold true regarding anaerobic respiration or fermentation?

Occurs inside the mitochondria
Partial breakdown of glucose occurs
Net gain of only 2 ATP molecules
None of these

Question 26 of 108

26. Question

Identify the enzymes 1 and 2 in the given reaction and select the correct option.

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|}
\hline & 1 & 2 \\
\hline \text { (a) } & \text { Alcohol dehydrogenase } & \text { Pyruvate decarboxylase } \\
\hline \text { (b) } & \text { Alcohol decarboxylase } & \text { Pyruvate dehydrogenase } \\
\hline \text { (c) } & \text { Pyruvate decarboxylase } & \text { Alcohol dehydrogenase } \\
\hline \text { (d) } & \text { Pyruvate dehydrogenase } & \text { Alcohol dehydrogenase } \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

a
b
c
d

Question 27 of 108

27. Question

What does $A, B$ and $C$ depict in the given pathways of anaerobic respiration?

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { A } & \text { B } & \text { C } \\
\hline \text { (a) } & N A D H+H^{+} \rightarrow N A D^{+} & N A D^{+} \rightarrow N A D H+H^{+} & N A D^{+} \rightarrow N A D H+H^{+} \\
\hline \text { (b) } & N A D H+H^{+} \rightarrow N A D^{+} & N A D H+H^{+} \rightarrow N A D^{+} & N A D^{+} \rightarrow N A D H+H^{+} \\
\hline \text { (c) } & N A D^{+} \rightarrow N A D H+H^{+} & N A D H+H^{+} \rightarrow N A D^{+} & N A D H+H^{+} \rightarrow N A D^{+} \\
\hline \text { (d) } & N A D^{+} \rightarrow N A D H+H^{+} & N A D H+H^{+} \rightarrow N A D^{+} & N A D^{+} \rightarrow N A D H+H^{+} \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

a
b
c
d

Question 28 of 108

28. Question

Though vertebrates are aerobes, but their (i) show anaerobic respiration during (ii). During this, (iii) of skeletal muscle fibres is broken down to release lactic acid and energy. Lactic acid, if accumulates causes muscle fatigue.
Fill up the blanks in the above paragraph and select the correct option.

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { (i) } & \text { (ii) } & \text { (iii) } \\
\hline \text { (a) } & \text { skeletal muscles } & \text { heavy exercise } & \text { glucose } \\
\hline \text { (b) } & \text { skeletal muscles } & \text { mild exercise } & \text { glycogen } \\
\hline \text { (c) } & \text { skeletal muscles } & \text { heavy exercise } & \text { glycogen } \\
\hline \text { (d) } & \text { cardiac muscles } & \text { heavy exercise } & \text { glycogen } \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

a
b
c
d

Question 29 of 108

29. Question

$\text { Pyruvic acid }+A \underset{F M N, Z n^{2+}}{\stackrel{\text { Lactate dehydrogenase }}{\longrightarrow}} B+C$

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { A } & \text { B } & \text { C } \\
\hline \text { (a) } & N A D H & \text { Lactic acid }+CO_2 & N A D^{+} \\
\hline \text { (b) } & N A D H & \text { Lactic acid } & N A D^{+} \\
\hline \text { (c) } & N A D^{+} & \text {Lactic acid } & N A D H \\
\hline \text { (d) } & N A D^{+} & \text {Lactic acid }+CO_2 & N A D H \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

a
b
c
d

Question 30 of 108

30. Question

Select the incorrectly matched pair.

End products of alcoholic – Ethanol $+\mathrm{CO}_2$ fermentation
End products of lactic – Lactic acid $+\mathrm{CO}_2$ acid fermentation
Glycolysis – Cytoplasm
Key product of glycolysis – Pyruvic acid

Question 31 of 108

31. Question

Fermentation is represented by the equation

$\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6+6 \mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_2+6 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}+686 \mathrm{kcal}$
$\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6 \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}+2 \mathrm{CO}_2+59 \mathrm{kcal}$
$ 6 \mathrm{CO}_2+12 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \underset{\text { Chlorophyll }}{\stackrel{\text { Light }}{\longrightarrow}} \mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_5+6 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}+6 \mathrm{O}_2 $
$ 6 \mathrm{CO}_2+6 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6+6 \mathrm{O}_2 . $

Question 32 of 108

32. Question

The given experimental set-up demonstrates

photosynthesis
aerobic respiration
anaerobic respiration
ascent of sap

Question 33 of 108

33. Question

Mercury $(\mathrm{Hg})$ is generally used in anaerobic respiration experiments because it does not react with

$\mathrm{O}_2$
$\mathrm{CO}_2$
$\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$
air

Question 34 of 108

34. Question

Which of the following describes significance of fermentation?
(i) Production of alcohol in brewing industry
(ii) Making of dough in baking industry
(iii) Curing of tea and tobacco
(iv) Production of vinegar by acetic acid bacteria

(i), (ii) and (iii)
(i), (ii) and (iv)
(ii), (iii) and (iv)
all of these

Question 35 of 108

35. Question

Dough kept overnight in warm weather becomes soft and spongy due to

absorption of $\mathrm{CO}_2$ from atmosphere
imbibition
fermentation
all of these

Question 36 of 108

36. Question

Site of Krebs’ cycle in mitochondria is

outer membrane
matrix
oxysomes
inner membrane

Question 37 of 108

37. Question

Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: Glycolysis occurs in mitochondrial matrix.
Statement 2: Krebs’ cycle occurs on cristae of mitochondria.

Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 incorrect.
Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.
Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Question 38 of 108

38. Question

Fate of pyruvic acid during aerobic respiration is

lactic acid fermentation
alcoholic fermentation
oxidative decarboxylation
oxidative phosphorylation

Question 39 of 108

39. Question

Pyruvate dehydrogenase is used in converting

glucose to pyruvate
pyruvic acid to lactic acid
pyruvate to acetyl CoA
pyruvate to glucose

Question 40 of 108

40. Question

Identify A and B in the given reaction.

$
\text { Pyruvic acid }+\mathrm{CoA}+\mathrm{NAD}^{+} \underset{\text { Pyruvate dehydrogenase }}{\stackrel{\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}}{\longrightarrow}} \mathrm{A}+\mathrm{B}+\mathrm{NADH}+\mathrm{H}^{+}
$

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { A } & \text { B } \\
\hline \text { (a) } & \mathrm{PEP} & \mathrm{CO}_2 \\
\hline \text { (b) } & \text { Acetyl CoA } & \mathrm{CO}_2 \\
\hline \text { (c) } & \mathrm{CO}_2 & \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \\
\hline \text { (d) } & \text { Acetyl CoA } & \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

a
b
c
d

Question 41 of 108

41. Question

Which step is called gateway step/link reaction in aerobic respiration?

Glycolysis
Formation of acetyl coenzyme A
Citric acid formation
ETS terminal oxidation

Question 42 of 108

42. Question

TCA cycle is named so because

it has various acids in its pathway.
the first product is citric acid containing 3 carboxylic groups.
it begins with condensation of oxaloacetic acid a tricarboxylic acid.
none of these.

Question 43 of 108

43. Question

Krebs’ cycle starts with the formation of a six-carbon compound by reaction between

fumaric acid and pyruvic acid
OAA and acetyl COA
malic acid and acetyl COA
succinic acid and pyruvic acid

Question 44 of 108

44. Question

In Krebs’ cycle, OAA accepts acetyl CoA to form

citric acid
fumarate
oxalosuccinate
succinyl CoA

Question 45 of 108

45. Question

Which of the following is a 4-carbon compound?

Oxaloacetic acid
Ribulose bisphosphate
Phosphoglyceric acid
Phosphoenol pyruvate

Question 46 of 108

46. Question

Identify $X, Y$ and $Z$ in the given diagram representing steps of citric acid cycle and select the correct option.

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \mathbf{X} & \mathbf{Y} & \mathbf{Z} \\
\hline \mathbf{( a )} & G T P & N A D H_2 & F A D H_2 \\
\hline \text { (b) } & F A D H_2 & N A D H_2 & G T P \\
\hline(\mathbf{c}) & N A D H_2 & F A D H_2 & G T P \\
\hline \text { (d) } & \mathrm{CO}_2 & N A D H_2 & A D P \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

a
b
c
d

Question 47 of 108

47. Question

Consider the first reaction of TCA cycle.
$
\text { Acetyl } \mathrm{COA}+\mathrm{OAA}+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \underset{\text { sunthase }}{\stackrel{\text { Citrate }}{\longrightarrow}}(A)+\mathrm{COA}
$
What is true about compound A?

First product of TCA cycle
Tricarboxylic acid and six carbon compound
It undergoes reorganisation in the presence of enzyme aconitase to form cis-aconitate
All of these

Question 48 of 108

48. Question

Identify enzyme A in the given reaction of Krebs’ cycle

$\underset{(4 C)}{\mathrm{OA} \mathrm{A}}+\mathrm{Accetyl \textrm {-CoA }}+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \stackrel{\mathrm{A}}{\rightarrow}$ Citric acid $+\underset{(6 \mathrm{C})}{\mathrm{CoA}}$

Oxaloacetate synthetase
Citrate synthase
Aconitase
Dehydrogenase

Question 49 of 108

49. Question

Krebs’ cycle is also called metabolic sink as it is a common pathway for breakdown of

carbohydrates, fats and proteins (amino acids)
carbohydrates and fats only
carbohydrates and organic acids only
proteins and fats only

Question 50 of 108

50. Question

The intermediate product between $\alpha$-ketoglutaric acid and succinic acid in TCA cycle is

acetyl COA
succinyl CoA
fumarate
oxalosuccinic acid

Question 51 of 108

51. Question

Select the correct sequence of formation of given intermediates of Krebs’ cycle.

Succinate $\rightarrow$ Malate $\rightarrow$ Fumarate $\rightarrow$ OAA
Fumarate $\rightarrow$ Succinate $\rightarrow$ Malate $\rightarrow$ OAA
Succinate $\rightarrow$ Fumarate $\rightarrow$ Malate $\rightarrow$ OAA
Malate $\rightarrow$ Fumarate $\rightarrow$ Succinate $\rightarrow$ OAA

Question 52 of 108

52. Question

Substrate level phosphorylation occurs during which step of Krebs’ cycle?

Succinyl COA $\rightarrow$ Succinic acid
Isocitric acid $\rightarrow$ Oxalosuccinic acid
Oxalosuccinic acid $\rightarrow \alpha$-ketoglutaric acid
Malic acid $\rightarrow$ OAA

Question 53 of 108

53. Question

The first 5 C dicarboxylic acid in Krebs’ cycle which is used in nitrogen metabolism is

OAA
citric acid
$\alpha$-ketoglutaric acid
acetyl coenzyme A

Question 54 of 108

54. Question

Which of the following steps is associated with ATP formation (substrate level phosphorylation)?

Succinyl COA $\rightarrow$ Succinic acid
1,3 bisPGA $\rightarrow 3$ PGA
PEP $\rightarrow$ Pyruvate
All of these

Question 55 of 108

55. Question

FAD participates in Krebs’ cycle as electron acceptor during conversion of

succinyl COA to succinic acid
$\alpha$-ketoglutarate to succinyl CoA
succinic acid to fumaric acid
fumaric acid to malic acid

Question 56 of 108

56. Question

Select the correct statement.

When ATP is synthesised directly from metabolites, it is substrate level phosphorylation.
In Krebs' cycle, citrate undergoes 2 decarboxylations and 4 dehydrogenations.
Krebs' cycle is an amphibolic process.
All of these

Question 57 of 108

57. Question

All enzymes of TCA cycle are located in the mitochondrial matrix except one which is located in inner mitochondrial membranes in eukaryotes and in cytosol in prokaryotes. This enzyme is

isocitrate dehydrogenase
ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
succinate dehydrogenase
lactate dehydrogenase

Question 58 of 108

58. Question

Categorise the given equations under respective phases and select the correct option.
$
\text { I. } \mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6+2 \mathrm{NAD}^{+}+2 \mathrm{ADP}+2 \Pi \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_4 \mathrm{O}_3+2 \mathrm{ATP}+2 \mathrm{NADH}+2 \mathrm{H}^{+}
$
II. Pyruvic acid $+4 \mathrm{NAD}^{+}+\mathrm{FAD}^{+}+2 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{ADP}+\Pi \rightarrow 3 \mathrm{CO}_2+4 \mathrm{NADH}+$ $4 H^{+}+A T P+F A D H_2$
III.

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { I } & \text { II } & \text { III } \\
\hline \text { (a) } & \text { Glycolysis } & \text { Fermentation } & \text { Krebs’ cycle } \\
\hline \text { (b) } & \text { Krebs’ cycle } & \text { Fermentation } & \text { Glycolysis } \\
\hline \text { (c) } & \text { Krebs’ cycle } & \text { Glycolysis } & \text { Fermentation } \\
\hline \text { (d) } & \text { Glycolysis } & \text { Krebs’ cycle } & \text { Fermentation } \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

a
b
c
d

Question 59 of 108

59. Question

When two molecules of acetyl COA enter the TCA cycle, net gain at the end of the cycle is

$2 \mathrm{NADH}_2+2 \mathrm{FADH}_2+1 \mathrm{GTP}$
$3 \mathrm{NADH}_2+2 \mathrm{FADH}_2+2 \mathrm{GTP}$
$6 \mathrm{NADH}_2+2 \mathrm{FADH}_2+2 \mathrm{GTP}$
$3 \mathrm{NADH}_2+1 \mathrm{FADH}_2+4 \mathrm{GTP}$

Question 60 of 108

60. Question

Which of the following steps of respiration is amphibolic?

Glycolysis
Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate
TCA cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 61 of 108

61. Question

Identify the three components [(i), (ii) and (iii)] of ATP molecule shown in the given figure.

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { (i) } & \text { (ii) } & \text { (iii) } \\
\hline \text { (a) } & \text { Ribose } & \text { Triphosphate group } & \text { Adenine } \\
\hline \text { (b) } & \text { Adenine } & \text { Triphosphate group } & \text { Ribose } \\
\hline \text { (c) } & \text { Glucose } & \text { Triphosphate group } & \text { Adenine } \\
\hline \text { (d) } & \text { Ribose } & \text { Triphosphate group } & \text { Guanine } \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

a
b
c
d

Question 62 of 108

62. Question

Amount of energy released during hydrolysis of a high energy bond of ATP is

$73 \mathrm{kcal} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}$
$0.73 \mathrm{kcal} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}$
$3.4 \mathrm{kcal} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}$
$7.3 \mathrm{kcal} \mathrm{mol-1}$

Question 63 of 108

63. Question

All of the following processes can release $\mathrm{CO}_2$ except

alcoholic fermentation
oxidative decarboxylation and Krebs' cycle
oxidative phosphorylation
conversion of [latex]\alpha[/latex]-ketoglutaric acid to succinic acid

Question 64 of 108

64. Question

Select the option that correctly fills the blanks in the following statements.
A. Glucose has (i) carbon atoms, pyruvic acid has (ii) carbon atoms and the acetyl group has (iii) carbon atoms.
B. Electrons enter the electron transport system as parts of hydrogen atoms attached to (i) and (ii).

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { A } & \text { B } \\
\hline \text { (a) } & \text { (i)-6, (ii)-4, (iii)-3 } & \text { (i)-NADH, (ii)-F ADH_2 } \\
\hline \text { (b) } & \text { (i)-6, (ii)-3, (iii)-2 } & \text { (i)-NADH, (ii)-F ADH_2 } \\
\hline \text { (c) } & \text { (i)-6, (ii)-3, (iii)-2 } & \text { (i)-ATP, (ii)-GTP } \\
\hline \text { (d) } & \text { (i)-6, (ii)-4, (iii)-3 } & \text { (i)-ATP, (ii)-GTP } \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

a
b
c
d

Question 65 of 108

65. Question

Identify $P, Q, R$ and $S$ in the given diagram of the electron transport system.

$\text { P-Matrix; Q- Outer chamber; R-F MNH_2 } 2 \text {; S-NADH_2 }$
$\text { P-Inter membrane space; Q- Matrix; R-NADH }+\mathrm{H}^{+} ; \mathrm{S}-\mathrm{NAD}+$
$\text { P-Inter membrane; Q- Cristae; } \mathrm{R}-\mathrm{NAD}^{+} \text {; S-NADH }+\mathrm{H}^{+}$
$\text { P-Cristae; Q- Outer chamber; R-NADH }+\mathrm{H}^{+} ; \mathrm{S}-\mathrm{NAD}^{+}$

Question 66 of 108

66. Question

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.

$
\begin{array}{|c|l|c|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Glycolysis } & \text { (i) } & \text { Inner mitochondrial membrane } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { TCA cycle } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Mitochondrial matrix } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { ETS } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Cytoplasm } \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

A-(iii), B-(i), C-(ii)
A-(iii), B-(ii), C-(i)
A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii)
A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iii)

Question 67 of 108

67. Question

Electron transport chain (ETC) is a set of ____ electron carriers present in a specific sequence along _____ mitochondrial membrane.

seven, inner
seven, outer
six, inner
six, outer

Question 68 of 108

68. Question

In the electron transport system present in the inner mitochondrial membrane complexes I and IV are respectively

$\mathrm{NADH}$ dehydrogenase and $\mathrm{FADH}_2$
$\mathrm{FADH}_2$ and $\mathrm{NADH}$ dehydrogenase
NADH dehydrogenase and cytochrome $c$ oxidase complex
NADH dehydrogenase and ATP synthase

Question 69 of 108

69. Question

Oxidation of one NADH and one $\mathrm{FADH}_2$ give rise to _____ and ______ ATP molecules respectively.

3, 2
2, 1
2, 3
1, 1

Question 70 of 108

70. Question

Study the incorrect statement with respect to an overview of the electron transport system (ETS).

Ubiquinone receives reducing equivalents via., $\mathrm{FADH}_2$ (complex II) that is generated during oxidation of succinate in the TCA cycle.
As the electrons move down the system, energy is released and used to form ATP.
2ATPs are formed for every pair of electrons that enters by way of NADH and 3ATPs are formed for every pair of electrons that enters by way of $\mathrm{FADH}_2$
Oxygen, the final $\mathrm{e}^{-}$acceptor becomes a part of water

Question 71 of 108

71. Question

Last $e^{-}$acceptor during ETS is

$\mathrm{O}_2$
cyt $a$
cyt $a_2$
cyt $a_3$

Question 72 of 108

72. Question

Which of these are respiratory poisons or inhibitors of ETC?

Cyanides
Antimycin A
Carbon monoxide
All of these

Question 73 of 108

73. Question

During the electron transport system (ETS), electron transport proceeds from carriers that have ____ redox potential to those having _____ redox potential. This electron transport down the energy gradient leads to the formation of ATP from $\mathrm{ADP}$ and $\mathrm{Pi}$, which is referred to as _______.

low, high, oxidative phosphorylation
low, high, oxidative decarboxylation
high, low, oxidative phosphorylation
high, low, oxidative decarboxylation

Question 74 of 108

74. Question

Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: During photophosphorylation (of photosynthesis), light energy is utilised for the production of proton gradient during ATP synthesis.
Statement 2: In respiration, energy of oxidationreduction is utilised for the phosphorylation and thus the process is called oxidative phosphorylation.

Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.
Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.
Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Question 75 of 108

75. Question

Identify A and B in the given diagram showing ATP synthesis in mitochondria.

$A=$ Mitochondrial matrix, $B=$ Outer mitochondrial membrane
$A=$ Mitochondrial matrix, $B=$ Inner mitochondrial membrane
$A=$ Cell cytoplasm, $B=$ Inner mitochondrial membrane
$A=$ Cell cytoplasm, $B=$ Outer mitochondrial membrane

Question 76 of 108

76. Question

As per chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis, in mitochondria, protons accumulate in the

outer membrane
inner membrane
intermembrane space
matrix

Question 77 of 108

77. Question

Study the following statements regarding chemiosmotic hypothesis in mitochondria and select the correct ones.
(i) $F_1$ headpiece contains the site for the synthesis of ATP from ADP + Pi.
(ii) $F_0$ part forms the channel through which protons cross the inner membrane.
(iii) For each ATP produced, $2 \mathrm{H}^{+}$pass through $\mathrm{F}_0$ from the intermembrane space to the matrix down the electrochemical proton qradient.

(i) and (ii) only
(i) and (iii) only
(ii) and (iii) only
all of these

Question 78 of 108

78. Question

Select the wrong statement.

Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvic acid requires the presence of enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase.
All living cells whether aerobic or anaerobic, perform glycolysis.
Cyanide is a promotor of chemiosmosis.
Respiratory chain uses $\mathrm{O}_2$ as final hydrogen acceptor.

Question 79 of 108

79. Question

Which of the following cellular metabolic processes can occur both in the presence or absence of $\mathrm{O}_2$?

Glycolysis
Fermentation
TCA cycle
Electron transport coupled with chemiosmosis

Question 80 of 108

80. Question

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { TCA cycle } & \text { (i) } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Inner mitochondrial } \\
\text { membrane }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { B. } & F_0-F_1{\text {, particles }} & \text { (ii) } & \text { Hans Krebs } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { End product of } \\
\text { glycolysis }
\end{array} & \text { (iii) } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Oxidative } \\
\text { decarboxylation }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { D. } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Pyruvate } \\
\text { dehydrogenase }
\end{array} & \text { (iv) } & \text { Pyruvic acid } \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(iii)
A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iv), D-(iii)
A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(i)
A-(iii), B-(ii), C-(i), D-(iv)

Question 81 of 108

81. Question

Select the correct statements.
(i) Between temperature range $0-25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$, rate of respiration doubles for every $10^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ rise in temperature.
(ii) Cytochromes are iron-porphyrin compounds.
(iii) Respiratory rate of wounded or injured plant parts generally decreases.

(i) and (ii)
(i) and (iii)
(ii) and (iii)
(i), (ii) and (iii)

Question 82 of 108

82. Question

Which of the following statements is correct with respect to the effect of temperature on rate of respiration?

Rate of respiration increases with an increase in temperature from $0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ to $30^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$.
Rate of respiration doubles for every $10^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ rise in temperature, thus temperature co-efficient $\left(Q_{10}\right)$ for respiration is 2 .
At very high temperatures such as $50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ or more, rate of respiration decreases due to enzymatic degradation.
All of these

Question 83 of 108

83. Question

During complete metabolism of glucose, the number of ATP formed is

2
12
36
44

Question 84 of 108

84. Question

How many ATP molecules will be generated in a plant system during the complete oxidation of 40 molecules of glucose?

180
360
1440
3040

Question 85 of 108

85. Question

The balance sheet for ATP production in glycolysis has been given below. Select the option which correctly fills up the blanks for P, Q, R and S. [‘ $X$ ‘ stands for ‘nil’].

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline \text { Steps } & \text { ATP Utilisation} & \text { ATP Production} \\
\hline \text { 1. } & \text { Glucose } \rightarrow \text { Glucose-6- phosphate } & \text { P } & \text { X } \\
\hline \text { 2. } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Fructose-6-phosphate } \rightarrow \text { Fructose-1, } \\
\text { 6- bisphosphate }
\end{array} & \text { 1 } & \text { Q } \\
\hline \text { 3. } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { 1, 3-bisphosphoglyceric acid } \rightarrow 3- \\
\text { Phosphoglyceric acid }
\end{array} & \text { X } & \text { R } \\
\hline \text { 4. } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { 2-Phosphoenol pyruvic acid } \rightarrow \\
\text { Pyruvic acid }
\end{array} & \mathbf{S} & \mathbf{2} \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

$P \rightarrow 1, Q \rightarrow X, R \rightarrow X, S \rightarrow 2$
$P \rightarrow 1, Q \rightarrow X, R \rightarrow 1, S \rightarrow X$
$P \rightarrow 2, Q \rightarrow 1, R \rightarrow X, S \rightarrow 1$
$P \rightarrow X, Q \rightarrow 1, R \rightarrow 2, S \rightarrow X$

Question 86 of 108

86. Question

Refer to the given figure and select the correct option for A, B, C and D.

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { A } & \text { B } & \text { C } & \text { D } \\
\hline \text { (a) } & \text { Fats } & \text { Proteins } & \text { 3-PGAL } & \text { Acetyl CoA } \\
\hline \text { (b) } & \text { Fats } & \text { Proteins } & \text { 3-PGAL } & CO_2 \\
\hline \text { (c) } & \text { Proteins } & \text { Fats } & \text { Acetyl CoA } & \text { PEP } \\
\hline \text { (d) } & \text { Proteins } & \text { Fats } & \text { PEP } & \text { Acetyl CoA } \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

a
b
c
d

Question 87 of 108

87. Question

Which of the following statements regarding metabolic pathways is incorrect?

Many of the steps of glycolysis can run in reverse.
Starch, sucrose or glycogen must be hydrolysed before they enter the glycolysis.
After fats are digested, glycerol enters glycolysis by forming DHAP.
After fat digestion, fatty acids can no longer participate in cellular respiration.

Question 88 of 108

88. Question

Respiratory pathway is

catabolic
anabolic
amphibolic
endergonic

Question 89 of 108

89. Question

Respiratory quotient may be represented as

$\mathrm{O}_2$ taken in $/ \mathrm{CO}_2$ evolved
$\mathrm{CO}_2$ evolved $/ \mathrm{O}_2$ taken in
$\mathrm{O}_2$ taken in
[latex]\mathrm{CO}_2[/latex] taken in

Question 90 of 108

90. Question

Which out of the following statements is incorrect?

The breakdown product of glucose which enters into mitochondrion during aerobic respiration is pyruvic acid generated in the cytosol.
When the electrons pass from one carrier to another via complex I to IV in the electron transport chain, they are coupled to ATP synthase (complexV) for the production of ATP from ADP and Pi.
The ratio of volume of $\mathrm{O}_2$ consumed in respiration to the volume of $\mathrm{CO}_2$ evolved is called as the respiratory quotient (RQ).
Compensation point is the point reached in a plant when the rate of photosynthesis is equal to the rate of respiration.

Question 91 of 108

91. Question

Respirometer is an instrument used to measure

rate of respiration
respiratory quotient
both (a) and (b)
none of these

Question 92 of 108

92. Question

Refer the given equation.
$
2\left(\mathrm{C}_{51} \mathrm{H}_{98} \mathrm{O}_6\right)+145 \mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 102 \mathrm{CO}_2+98 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}+\text { Energy }
$
The $R Q$ in this case is

1
0.7
1.45
1.62

Question 93 of 108

93. Question

Consider the following statements with respect to respiration.
(i) Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.
(ii) Aerobic respiration takes place within the mitochondria.
(iii) Electron transport system is present in the outer mitochondrial membrane.
(iv) $\mathrm{C}_{51} \mathrm{H}_{98} \mathrm{O}_6$ is the chernical formula of tripalmitin, a fatty acid.
(v) Respiratory quotient $=\frac{\text { Volume of } \mathrm{O}_2 \text { evolved }}{\text { Volume of } \mathrm{CO}_2 \text { consumed }}$ Of the above statements

(i), (ii) and (iv) are correct
(ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct
(iii), (iv) and (v) are correct
(ii), (iv) and (v) are correct

Question 94 of 108

94. Question

Select the wrong statement.

When tripalmitin is used as a substrate in respiration, the R Q is 0.7.
The intermediate compound which links glycolysis with Krebs' cycle is malic acid.
One glucose molecule yields a net gain of 36 ATP molecules during aerobic respiration.
One glucose molecule yields a net gain of 2 ATP molecules during glycolysis.

Question 95 of 108

95. Question

RQ of proteins, carbohydrates, fats and organic acids are in order

$ \lt 1,1,\lt 1,>1$
$>1, \lt 1,1,1$
$1,1,0,-1$
$0, \lt 1,1,>1$

Question 96 of 108

96. Question

Select the correct combination of the respiratory substrates and their respective RQs.

Organic- 1.3 ; Fats- 0.7; Succulents- zero
Organic- Infinity; Fats- 0.7; Succulents- zero
Organic- 0; Fats- 1.3; Succulents-0.7
Organic- 0; Fats-0.7; Succulents-1.3

Question 97 of 108

97. Question

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { RQ } & \text { (i) } & \text { Chemiosmotic ATP synthesis } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Mitchel } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Muscle fatigue } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Cytochromes } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Inner mitochondrial membrane } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Lactic acid } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Alcoholic fermentation } \\
\hline \text { E. } & \text { Yeast } & \text { (v) } & \text { Respirometer } \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

A-(v), B-(i), C-(iii), D-(iv), E-(ii)
A-(v), B-(i), C-(iii), D-(ii), E-(iv)
A-(i), B-(v), C-(ii), D-(iii), E-(iv)
A-(v), B-(ii), C-(iv), D-(iii), E-(i)

Question 98 of 108

98. Question

If volume of $\mathrm{CO}_2$ liberated during respiration is more than the volume of $\mathrm{O}_2$ used, then the respiratory substrate will be

carbohydrate
fat
protein
organic acid

Question 99 of 108

99. Question

Value of RQ in succulents is

unity
less than unity
infinite
zero

Question 100 of 108

100. Question

RQ in anaerobic respiration is

0.7
0.9
unity
infinity

Question 101 of 108

101. Question

Study carefully the following statements and select the incorrect ones.
(i) When fats are used in respiration, the RQ is more than unity because fats contain more $\mathrm{O}_2$ and require relatively less amount of $\mathrm{O}_2$ for oxidation.
(ii) The most important energy carrier is ATP. This energy-rich compound is mobile and can pass from one cell to another.
(iii) Before pyruvic acid enters Krebs’ cycle, one of the two carbon atoms of pyruvic acid is reduced to carbon dioxide in the reaction called reductive carboxylation.
(iv) A special electron carrier system located in the mitochondrial membrane is called shuttle system. It transfers electrons from the hydrogens of cytoplasmic NADH to the mitochondrial electron carriers across the mitochondrial membrane.
(v) Zymase is a complex mixture of many enzymes which requires several coenzymes for its action. The enzyme complex-zymase catalyses series of reactions taking place during fermentation leading to the production of ethyl alcohol.

(i) and (ii) only
(iii) and (iv) only
(i), (ii) and (iii) only
(iii), (iv) and (v) only

Question 102 of 108

102. Question

Select the incorrect statement with respect to the given representation.

$X$ is the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase and $Y$ is the enzyme ethanol decarboxylase.
This process is involved in brewing industry for producing beverages like beer, rum, whisky, etc.
Accumulation of the end product (i.e., ethanol) during this process, in a culture of yeast, stops the multiplication of yeast cells and may even lead to death of cells.
None of these

Question 103 of 108

103. Question

Refer to the following flow chart representing cellular respiration and its fuels. Select the option that correctly fill the blanks 1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7 respectively.

amino acids, carbohydrate, glucose, fats, glycerol, fatty acid, acetyl CO-A
fats, acetyl Co-A, amino acid, fatty acid, carbohydrate, glycerol, glucose
fatty acid, glucose, acetyl Co-A, glycerol, fats, carbohydrate, amino acid
carbohydrate, fats, glycerol, fatty acids, amino acid, glucose, acetyl Co-A

Question 104 of 108

104. Question

Study the given figure and select the incorrect option regarding this.

The figure represents chemiosmotic ATP synthesis by oxysomes where $X$ is the mitochondrial matrix and $Y$ is the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Enzyme required for ATP synthesis is ATP synthase, considered to be the complex-V of ETS.
The figure represents oxidative phosphorylation which is the synthesis of energy rich ATP molecules with the help of energy liberated during oxidation of reduced co-enzymes ( $\mathrm{NADH}, \mathrm{FADH}_2$ ) produced in respiration.
ATP synthase becomes active only when there is a proton gradient having higher concentration of protons $\left(\mathrm{H}^{+}\right)$on the inner side $\left(\mathrm{F}_1\right.$ side) as compared to the outer side ( $F_0$ side).

Question 105 of 108

105. Question

Given below is the simplified system of terminal oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation.

Identify P, Q, R and S and select the correct option.

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline {\mathbf{P}} & {\mathbf{Q}} & {\mathbf{R}} & {\mathbf{S}} \\
\hline \text { a. Cyt } a_3 & \text { UQ } & \text { Cyt } c & 2 \mathrm{H}^{+} \\
\hline \text { b. UQ } & \text { Cyt } c & \mathrm{O}_2 & \text { Cyt } a_3 \\
\hline \text { c. Cyt } b & \mathrm{QH}_2 & 2 \mathrm{H}^{+} & \text {Cyt } c \\
\hline \mathrm{d. QH}_2 & \text { Cyt } b & \mathrm{O}_2 & \text { Cyt } c \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

a
b
c
d

Question 106 of 108

106. Question

In addition to the normal process of oxidation of carbohydrates through glycolysis and Krebs’ cycle, there is another process by which plants could oxidise carbohydrates to obtain energy. In this process, hexose sugars undergo oxidative degradation through 5-C sugar intermediates and hence it is known as Pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Which of the following statements is not true with regard to PPP?

It is an alternative to glycolysis and also acts as a safety valve or shunt to glycolysis.
It is common in plants and occurs in certain specialised tissues of animal body, e.g., liver, adipose tissue, testes, ovary, adrenal cortex, lactating mammary gland, eye lens and cornea.
It occurs only in cytoplasm but not in any cell organelle.
It is also called as hexose monophosphate shunt (HMP pathway).

Question 107 of 108

107. Question

Mechanism of phosphorylation is depicted in the diagram below. Study it carefully and mark the correct option.

The diagram depicts photosynthetic phosphorylation taking place in the chloroplast. The incident light should be shown in the diagram.
The diagram depicts oxidative phosphorylation taking place in mitochondria. However, the flow of electrons should be shown in reverse direction.
Diagram depicts the basic process of both oxidative as well as photosynthetic phosphorylation. However, the proton concentration should be high inside and low outside.
The diagram correctly depicts the oxidative phosphorylation occurring in all heterotrophic organisms.

Question 108 of 108

108. Question

The given graph shows the respiratory quotient (R. Q.) of five substrates.

Select the option that correctly identifies substrates P, Q, $\mathrm{R}, \mathrm{S}$ and $\mathrm{T}$.

$
\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline {\text { P }} & {\text { Q }} & {\text { R }} & {\text { S }} & {\text { T }} \\
\hline \text { a. Tripalmitin } & \text { Oxalic acid } & \text { Protein } & \text { Fructose } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Succinic } \\
\text { acid }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { b. Malic acid } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Succulent } \\
\text { carbohydrate }
\end{array} & \text { Sucrose } & \text { Protein } & \text { Triolein } \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
\text { c. Succulent } \\
\text { carbohydrate }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Glucose }
\end{array} & \text { Tripalmitin } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Malic } \\
\text { acid }
\end{array} & \text { Protein } \\
\hline \text { d. Triolein } & \text { Protein } & \text { Oxalic acid } & \text { Maltose } & \text { Tripalmitin } \\
\hline
\end{array}
$

a
b
c
d

CLASS-XI BIOLOGY + NEET

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