Practice Corner MCQ

Which of the following factors affect human health?
(i) Infections
(ii) Silent mutations
(iii) Lifestyle
(iv) Genetic disorders

(i), (ii) and (iv)
(i) and (ii)
(i), (iii) and (iv)
(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Read the following statements about health and select the incorrect one.

Immune system maintains our health.
Health is defined as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being
Health increases productivity and economic prosperity.
Health increases infant and maternal mortality.

Which one of the following diseases is non-communicable?

Diphtheria
Flu
Cancer
Malaria

Which of the following pairs contains an infectious and a non-infectious disease respectively?

Typhoid and AIDS
AIDS and cancer
Pneumonia and malaria
Cancer and malaria

Typhoid fever in human beings is caused by

Plasmodium vivax
Trichophyton
Salmonella typhi
Rhinoviruses

Which of the following statements regarding the disease typhoid is/are correct?
(i) Salmonella typhi a pathogenic bacterium which enter human intestine through contaminated food and water and migrate to other organs through blood.
(ii) Sustained high fever \(\left(39^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right.\) to \(\left.40^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right)\), weakness, stomach pain, constipation, headache and loss of appetite are some common symptoms of typhoid.
(iii) Typhoid vaccine is available as DPT vaccine.
(iv) Widal test is used for diagnosis of typhoid fever.
(v) The patient of this disease is not required to be treated with antibiotics.

(i) and (ii) only
(iii) and (v)
(i), (ii) and (iv)
(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

Pneumonia can be transmitted by droplets released by an infected person and also by sharing utensils.
Pathogens causing pneumonia are Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
There is no vaccine yet available to prevent pneumonia.
None of these

Which of the following is the bacterial disease in humans?

Pneumonia
Malaria
Plague
Both (a) and (c)

Which of the following pathogens causes whooping cough?

Legionella sp.
Bordetella pertussis
Vibrio cholerae
Brucella melitensis

Which one of the following sets includes only bacterial diseases?

Tetanus, tuberculosis, measles
Diphtheria, leprosy, plague
Cholera, typhoid, mumps
Malaria, mumps, poliomyelitis

The main reason why antibiotics could not always treat the bacteria-mediated diseases is

insensitivity of the individual following prolonged exposure to antibiotics
inactivation of antibiotics by bacterial enzymes
decreased efficiency of immune system
the development of mutant bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics.

The common cold is caused by

Rhinoviruses
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Salmonella typhimurium
Plasmodium vivax

Common cold differs from pneumonia as

pneumonia is caused by a virus whereas common cold is caused by a bacterium
pneumonia pathogen infects alveoli whereas common cold affects nose and respiratory passage but not the lungs
pneumonia is a non-communicable disease whereas common cold is a communicable disease
none of these

Hepatitis B is transmitted through

sneezing
female Anopheles
coughing
blood transfusion

A toxic substance, responsible for the chills and high fever recurring every three to four days in malarial fever, is

interferon
haemozoin
hirudin
colostrum

Read the following statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: Malarial parasite requires two hosts humans and mosquitoes to complete its life cycle.
Statement 2 : Haemozoin is a toxic substance produced by the rupturing of liver cells during malarial infection.

Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.
Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.
Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

During the life cycle of Plasmodium, sexual reproduction takes place in which of the following hosts?

Human
Female Anopheles mosquito
Male Anopheles mosquito
Both (a) and (b)

Where will you look for the sporozoites of malarial parasite?

Saliva of infected female Anopheles mosquito
Salivary glands of freshly moulted female Anopheles mosquito
Spleen of infected humans
RBCs of humans suffering from malaria

Arrange these stages of life cycle of Plasmodium in the correct sequence and select the correct option.
1. Sporozoites leave the blood stream and enter the liver cells of man.
2. Sporozoites present in the salivary glands of female Anopheles mosquito are injected into the blood stream of man.
3. The parasite reproduces asexually in RBCs, resulting in bursting of RBCs and causing the cycles of fever; released parasites infect new RBCs.
4. The parasite reproduces asexually in liver cells, ultimately causing the rupturing of cells.
5. Two types of gametocytes i.e., microgametocytes and macrogametocytes develop in the RBCs.
6. Female Anopheles mosquito takes up the gametocytes with blood meal of an infected person.
7. Mature infective stage of the parasite, i.e., sporozoites escape from intestine and migrate to the mosquito’s salivary glands.
8. Fertilisation and developmental stages of the parasite take place in mosquito’s stomach.

\(2 \rightarrow 1 \rightarrow 4 \rightarrow 3 \rightarrow 5 \rightarrow 6 \rightarrow 8 \rightarrow 7\)
\(2 \rightarrow 4 \rightarrow 1 \rightarrow 3 \rightarrow 5 \rightarrow 6 \rightarrow 7 \rightarrow 8\)
\(1 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 4 \rightarrow 3 \rightarrow 5 \rightarrow 6 \rightarrow 8 \rightarrow 7\)
\(6 \rightarrow 8 \rightarrow 7 \rightarrow 4 \rightarrow 5 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3 \rightarrow 1\)

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.

\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|c|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Amoebiasis } & \text { (i) } & \text { Treponema pallidum } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Diphtheria } & \text { (ii) } & \begin{array}{l}
\text { Houseflies as mechanical } \\
\text { Carriers }
\end{array} \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Cholera } & \text { (iii) } & \text { DPT vaccine } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Syphilis } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Oral rehydration therapy } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

A- (ii) B- (i) C- (iii) D- (iv)
A- (ii) B- (iii) C- (iv) D- (i)
A- (i) B- (ii) C- (iii) D- (iv)
A- (ii) B- (iv) C- (i) D- (iii)

Amoebic dysentery (amoebiasis) is caused by

Entamoeba histolytica
E.coli
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Trichophyton

Which one of the following diseases cannot be cured by taking antibiotics?

Piague
Amoebiasis
Leprosy
Whooping cough

An intestinal parasite which causes blockage of the intestinal passage and whose eggs are excreted along with the faeces of infected person is \(\qquad\)

Wuchereria bancrofti
Ascaris
Epidermophyton
Microsporum

Elephantiasis, a chronic inflammation that results in gross deformities is caused by

Ascaris
E.coli
Wuchereria
Trichophyton

Which of the following is affected by the infection of Wuchereria bancrofti?

Lymphatic vessels
Respiratory system
Nervous system
Blood circulation

Which of the following diseases is transmitted by the bite of the female mosquito vector?

Filariasis
Amoebiasis
Typhoid
Pneumonia

Which of the following pairs correctly matches a disease and a pathogen causing it?

Typhoid – Salmonella typhi
Pneumonia – Haemophilus pneumoniae
Malaria – Ascaris lumbricoides
Ringworm – Entamoeba histolytica

The pathogen Microsporum responsible for ringworm disease in humans belongs to the same kingdom as that of

Taenia, a tapeworm
Ascaris, a roundworm
Rhizopus, a mould
Wuchereria, a filarial worm

Appearance of dry, scaly lesions with itching on various parts of the body are the symptoms of \(\qquad\)

elephantiasis
ringworm
ascariasis
amoebiasis

Read the following statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: Many fungi belonging to genera Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton are responsible for the disease ringworm.
Statement 2 : Ringworm infection is generally acquired from soil or by using towels, clothes, comb, etc. of infected individuals.

Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.
Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.
Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.

\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Leishmania donovani } & \text { (i) } & \text { Malaria } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Wuchereria bancrofti } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Amoebiasis } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Trypanosoma gambiense } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Kala azar } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Entamoeba histolytica } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Sleeping sickness } \\
\hline & & \text { (v) } & \text { Filariasis } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(i)
A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(v), D-(ii)
A -(iii), B-(v), C-(iv), D-(ii)
A -(iii), B-(v), C-(ii), D-(i)

Gambusia is a fish which is being introduced into the ponds in order to check the vector borne diseases such as

dengue
malaria
chikungunya
all of these

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.

\(
\begin{array}{|c|l|c|l|}
\hline & \text { Column I } & & \text { Column II } \\
\hline \text { A. } & \text { Sporozoites } & \text { (i) } & \text { Infectious form of Plasmodium } \\
\hline \text { B. } & \text { Filariasis } & \text { (ii) } & \text { Aedes mosquitoes } \\
\hline \text { C. } & \text { Typhoid } & \text { (iii) } & \text { Wuchereria } \\
\hline \text { D. } & \text { Chikungunya } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Widal test } \\
\hline
\end{array}
\)

A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(i), D-(iii)
A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(ii), D-(i)
A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(i), D-(iv)
A-(i), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(ii)

Which one of the following pairs of diseases is viral as well as transmitted by mosquitoes?

Encephalitis and sleeping sickness
Yellow fever and sleeping sickness
Elephantiasis and dengue
Yellow fever and dengue

The term ‘immunity’ refers to

mutualism between host and parasite
ability of the host to fight the disease causing organisms
ability of the parasite to survive within a host
a fatal disease

Which of the following statements regarding different barriers of innate immunity is not correct?

Acid present in the stomach, saliva in the mouth, tears from the eyes prevent the growth of microorganisms and constitute physiological barriers of our body.
Mucous membrane lining the respiratory, gastrointestinal and urinogenital tracts helps in trapping the microbes and constitute physiological barriers of our body.
Certain types of leucocytes such as polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL-neutrophils) and lymphocytes such as natural killer cells, constitute cellular barriers of our body.
Virus-infected cells secrete proteins called interferons which protect non-infected cells from further viral infection and constitute cytokine barriers of our body.

MALT is

Muscle Associated Lymphoid Tissue
Mucosal Associated Lymphoid Tissue
Mucosal and Lymphoid Tissue
Memory Associated Lymphoid Tissue

The lymphoid tissue, located within the lining of digestive tract is

spleen
Peyer's patches
lymph nodes
MALT

A person has developed interferons in his body. He seems to carry an infection of

tetanus
malaria
measles
typhoid

Which lymphoid organ atrophies with age?

Bone marrow
Peyer's patches
Thymus
Spleen

Primary response produced due to first time encounter with a pathogen is of

high intensity
low intensity
intermediate intensity
no intensity

Which of the following components does not participate in innate immunity?

Neutrophils
Macrophages
B-lymphocytes
Natural killer cells

Antibodies are secreted by

T-lymphocytes
B-lymphocytes
both (a) and (b)
natural killer cell

An antibody consists of

two light peptide chains and two heavy peptide chains
two light peptide chains and one heavy peptide chain
one light peptide chain and one heavy peptide chain
one light peptide chain and two heavy peptide chains

Identify the marking A, B, C and D in thdye figure given below and select the correct option.

A – Light chains, B – Heavy chain, C – Antigen binding sites, D – Disulphide bonds
A – Disulphide bonds, B – Antigen binding site, C Heavy chains, D – Light chains
A – Antigen binding sites, B – Light chain, C – Heavy chains, D – Disulphide bonds
A – Antigen binding sites, B – Disulphide bonds, C – Light chains, D – Heavy chains

The antigen binding site of an antibody is present at

the constant region
the C-terminal
the variable region
between constant and variable region

Humoral immunity is associated with

T-cells
B-cells
macrophages
both (a) and (b)

The antibody which can cross placental barrier is

lg A
lg E
lg M
lg G

The most abundant class of immunoglobulins (lgs) in the body is

lg A
lg G
lg E
lg M

A protein or polysaccharide molecule that stimulates antibody formation is

antigen
antibiotics
exotoxin
endotoxins

Select the correct statements regarding the characteristics of acquired immunity.
(i) Cell-mediated immunity is responsible for acquired immunity.
(ii) It produces a primary response of low intensity.
(iii) Active and passive immunity are types of acquired immunity.
(iv) Polymorphonuclear leucocytes and natural killer cells are involved in acquired immunity.

(i), (ii) and (iii)
(i), (iii) and (iv)
(i) and (iv)
(i) and (iii) only

Which of the given statements are correct?
(i) Innate immunity is a specific type of defence, that is present at the time of birth.
(ii) Malignant malaria is caused by Plasmodium falciparum.
(iii) Malaria could be confirmed by Widal test.
(iv) Active immunity is slow and takes time to give its full effective response.
(v) Saliva in the mouth acts as physiological barrier for pathogens.

(ii), (iv) and (v)
(i) and (iii)
(i) and (v)
(ii), (iii) and (v)

Passive immunity can be conferred directly by

vaccines
antitoxins
colostrum
both (b) and (c)

Which one of the following immune system components does not correctly match with its respective role?

Interferons – Secreted by virus-infected cells and protect non-infected cells from further viral infection.
B-lymphocytes – Produce antibodies in response to pathogens into blood to fight with them.
Macrophages – Mucus secreting cells that trap microbes entering in the body.
IgA – Present in colostrum in early days of lactation to protect infant from diseases.

Which form of pathogen is used in vaccination?

Activated and strong pathogenic antigens
Inactivated and weakened pathogenic antigens
Hyperactive and strong pathogen
Preformed antibodies

Injection of antitoxin in tetanus confers which type of immunisation?

Active immunisation
Passive immunisation
Auto-immunisation
Humoral immunisation

Select incorrect option regarding the lymphoid organs labelled as P, Q, R and S in the diagram of human Ivmphatic system.

T cells mature in Q
B and T cells undergo maturation in R
B and T cells undergo proliferation and differentiation in P
B cells mature in S

The term ‘antitoxin’ refers to a preparation containing

B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes
antibodies to the toxin
weakend pathogen
inactivated T-lymphocytes

The injection given against the snake venom contains

antigenic proteins
preformed antibodies
attenuated pathogen
all of these

The site where lymphocytes interact with antigens and proliferate to become effector cells are

spleen and lymph nodes
bone marrow and thymus
Peyer's patches and tonsils
both (a) and (c)

Vaccine against polio viruses is an example of

auto-immunisation
passive immunisation
active immunisation
simple immunisation

Select the correct option to fill up the blanks.
(i) Diseases which are easily transmitted from one person to another, are called \(\qquad\) diseases.
(ii) In human body, parasite of malaria initially multiplies within the \(\qquad\) and then attack the \(\qquad\)
(iii) \(\qquad\) is the yellowish fluid secreted by mother during the initial days of lactation.
(iv) \(\qquad\) and \(\qquad\) are the primary lymphoid organs.

(i) infectious, (ii) bone marrow, thymus, (iii) Colostrum, (iv) Liver cell, RBCs
(i) infectious, (ii) liver cell, RBCs, (iii) Colostrum, (iv) Bone marrow, thymus
(i) interferon, (ii) bone marrow, thymus, (iii) Colostrum, (iv) Liver cell, RBCs
(i) infectious, (ii) liver cell, RBCs, (iii) Colostrum, (iv) Spleen, lymph node

Use of vaccination and immunisation programmes have controlled which of the following infectious diseases?

Polio and tetanus
Diphtheria and pneumonia
Cancer and AIDS
Both (a) and (b)

Read the following statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: The exaggerated response of the immune system to certain antigens present in the environment is called as allergy.
Statement 2 : The allergic tendency is genetically passed from the parent to the offspring and is characterised by the presence of large quantities of IgG antibodies in the blood.

Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.
Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.
Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect

An auto-immune disease is

SCID
rheumatoid arthritis
myasthenia gravis
both (b) and (c)

Which out of the following groups represent autoimmune disorders?

SCID and diphtheria
Diabetes mellitus (type I) and rheumatic fever
AIDS and cholera
Hepatitis and leukaemia

The drugs used to quickly reduce the symptoms of allergy are

anti-histamine and adrenaline
histamine and thyroxine
adrenaline and \(\alpha\)-interferon
all of these

The primary lymphoid organs are

spleen and thymus
bone marrow and thymus
bone marrow and lymph node
thymus and MALT

The abbreviation AIDS stands for

Acquired immuno disease syndrome
Acquired immuno deficiency syndrome
Acquired immunity determining syndrome
Acquired immunity delay syndrome

The genetic material of HIV is

IsDNA
dsRNA
SSDNA
ssRNA

The human immuno deficiency virus is

an unenveloped, RNA genome containing retrovirus
an enveloped, RNA genome containing retrovirus
an enveloped, DNA genome containing retrovirus
an enveloped, RNA genome containing rheovirus

Which of the following is not a cause of transmission of HIV?

Multiple sexual partners
Sharing infected needles
Mosquito bite
Transfusion of contaminated blood

Viral DNA after being converted from viral RNA by \(X\), incorporates into host genome to undergo replication. What is ‘ \(X\) ‘?

DNA polymerase
Restriction endonuclease
RNA polymerase
Reverse transcriptase

Which one of the following statements is true?

Dysentery, plague and diphtheria are viral diseases.
HIV replicates in host cell with the help of reverse transcriptase enzyme.
The disease ringworm disappears during summer and rainy season.
Common cold could be confirmed by Widal test

The figure given below shows mode of action of AIDS virus. Which step shows formation of viral DNA from RNA by reverse transcription?

B
C
A
D

The cells called ‘HIV factory’ is

helper T-cells
macrophages
dendritic cells
WBCs

HIV is a retrovirus that attacks

helper T-cells
cytotoxin T-cells
B-cells
neutrophils

AIDS is characterised by

decrease in the number of killer T-cells
decrease in the number of suppressor T-cells
decrease in the number of helper T -cells
increase in the number of helper T-cells

AIDS is widely diagnosed by

Widal test
ELISA
PCR
chromatography

Which of the following days is celebrated as ‘World AIDS Day’?

\(31^{\text {st }}\) March
\(1^{\text {st }}\) March
\(1^{\text {st }}\) December
\(31^{\text {st }}\) December

Cancer cells do not exhibit the property of

generating tumors
metastasis
contact inhibition
less number of mitochondrial cristae

A person suffering from leukaemia has

tumors in adipose tissue
increased number of plasma cells
increased number of melanocytes
increased number of WBCs

Read the following statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1 : Malignant tumors normally remain confined to their original location, do not spread to other body parts and cause less damage.
Statement 2: Cancer arising from epithelial tissues of internal organs and glands is referred to as sarcoma e.g., breast cancer, cervical cancer etc.

Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.
Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.
Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

A chemical carcinogen present in tobacco smoke is responsible for

skin cancer
pancreatic cancer
stomach cancer
lung cancer

Complete the given paragraph by selecting correct sequence of words.
Several genes called \(\qquad\) have been identified in normal cells which when activated will turn into \(\qquad\) and under certain conditions, could lead to cancerous transformation of the cells.

oncogenes, proto-oncogenes
cellular oncogenes, proto-oncogenes
proto-oncogenes, oncogenes
oncogenes, cellular oncogenes

Major factors that cause cancer are

oncogenes and polymorphonuclear leucocytes
oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes
MHC genes
cellular oncogenes and \(\alpha\)-interferons

Read the following statements regarding the various techniques used in cancer detection and select the incorrect one.

Cancer detection is based on biopsy and histopathological studies of the tissue, and blood and bone marrow tests for increased cell counts in case of leukaemia.
In biopsy, a piece of the suspected tissue cut into thin sections is stained and examined under microscope by a pathologist.
Techniques like radiography (use of \(X\)-rays), CT (computed tomography) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) are very useful to detect cancers of the internal organs.
Computed tomography uses strong magnetic fields and non-ionising radiations to detect physiological changes in living tissues.

Which of the given statements are not correct regarding cancer?
(i) Cancer causing viruses have genes called viral oncogenes.
(ii) Malignant tumors remain confined to their original location.
(iii) Cancer cells do not exhibit contact inhibition.
(iv) \(X\)-rays and UV rays are not potent carcinogens.
(v) Cancer detection is based on biopsy.

(iii) and (v)
(ii) and (iv)
(i), (iii) and (v)
(ii), (iv) and (v)

Which of the following statements is not correct?

Higher vertebrates can distinguish foreign organisms from self-cells.
Fetus receives antibodies from its mother through placenta, is an example of active immunity.
Cell-mediated immunity involves T-lymphocytes.
Antibodies against cancer-specific antigens are used for detection of certain cancers.

Which of the following approaches are used for the treatment of cancer?

Immunotherapy
Surgery
Radiotherapy and chemotherapy
All of these

The substance given to cancer patients in order to activate their immune system and destroy the tumor is

histamine
interleukin
\(\alpha\)-interferon
morphine

In humans, receptors for opioids are present in

central nervous system
gastrointestinal tract
respiratory tract
both (a) and (b)

Heroin is commonly called as

coke
crack
smack
charas

Which compound is formed by acetylation of morphine?

Heroin
Cocaine
Tobacco
Marijuana

Which of the following statements is not correct?

Acquired immunity is pathogen specific.
Macrophages can phagocytose and destroy microbes.
Hallucinogenic chemicals obtained from leaves, resins and inflorescence of plant Cannabis sativa are called as cannabinoids.
Opioid is a medicine used to help patients to cope with mental illnesses.

Marijuana is extracted from

dried leaves and flowers of hemp plant
ergot fungus
roots of hemp plant
cocoa plant

Charas and ganja are the drugs which affect

respiratory system
cardiovascular system
digestive system
nervous system

Cocaine is obtained from

Erythroxylon coca
Papaver somniferum
Atropa belladonna
Datura stramonium

CLASS-XII BIOLOGY + NEET

Practice Corner MCQ

Quiz Summary

Information

Results

Results

Categories

1. Question

Hint

2. Question

Hint

3. Question

Hint

4. Question

Hint

5. Question

Hint

6. Question

Hint

7. Question

Hint

8. Question

Hint

9. Question

Hint

10. Question

Hint

11. Question

Hint

12. Question

Hint

13. Question

Hint

14. Question

Hint

15. Question

Hint

16. Question

Hint

17. Question

Hint

18. Question

Hint

19. Question

Hint

20. Question

Hint

21. Question

Hint

22. Question

Hint

23. Question

Hint

24. Question

Hint

25. Question

Hint

26. Question

Hint

27. Question

Hint

28. Question

Hint

29. Question

Hint

30. Question

Hint

31. Question

Hint

32. Question

Hint

33. Question

Hint

34. Question

Hint

35. Question

Hint

36. Question

Hint